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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )

Filed by the Registrantý

Filed by a Party other than the Registranto¨

Check the appropriate box:

o¨


Preliminary Proxy Statement

o¨


Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

ý


Definitive Proxy Statement

o¨


Definitive Additional Materials

o¨


Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12


AMERICAN EQUITY INVESTMENT LIFE HOLDING COMPANY

(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)


(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

ý


No fee required.required

o¨

Fee paid previously with preliminary materials
¨
Fee computed on table belowin exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.0-11
(1)Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
(2)Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
(3)Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
(4)Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
(5)Total fee paid:

o


Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.

o


Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.



(1)


Amount Previously Paid:
(2)Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
(3)Filing Party:
(4)Date Filed:

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LOGO

AMERICAN EQUITY
INVESTMENT LIFE HOLDING COMPANY

6000 Westown Parkway
West Des Moines, Iowa 50266



NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
June 4, 2020




Meeting Date:
Thursday, June 4, 2020

Time:


1:30 p.m., Central Daylight Time

Location:


6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266

The Annual Meeting of Shareholders of American Equity Investment Life Holding Company will be held for the following purposes:

1.
To elect five directors to three-year terms and one director to a two-year term.
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2.
To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2020.


3.
To hold an advisory vote to approve the compensation of our named executive officers.


4.
To approve the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan.


5.
To transact such other business that may properly come before the meeting.

Shareholders of record at the close of business on the record date, April 9, 2020, are entitled to the notice of and to vote at the meeting. It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend the meeting, please vote your shares in one of the following ways:


















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Telephone Internet Mail
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GRAPHICGRAPHIC

By telephone;


Through the Internet; or


If you received a paper copy of the proxy statement, by completing, signing and promptly returning the enclosed proxy card in the enclosed postage-paid envelope.2022 Proxy Statement

We intend to hold our Annual Meeting in person. However, as part of our precautions regarding the coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic, we are planning for the possibility that the Annual Meeting may be held by means of remote communication. If we take this step, we will announce the decision to do so in advance, and details on how to participate will be available on our website at www.american-equity.com and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as proxy material.

By Order of the Board of Directors

GRAPHIC

Renee D. Montz

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Secretary

West Des Moines, Iowa
April 24, 2020


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PROXY STATEMENT

AMERICAN EQUITY INVESTMENT LIFE HOLDING COMPANY
Annual Meeting of Shareholders
June 4, 2020



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Annual Meeting and Proxy Solicitation Information

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2022 Proxy Statement
A Note About Financial Measures
We report certain performance measures we do not calculate in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). We do not present these as substitutes for the most directly comparable GAAP measures:

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)2021
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders430,317 
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders per diluted common share4.55
20182021
Total stockholders' equity2,399,1016,323,127
Book value per common share26.5560.78

See Appendix A for further information.
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2022 Proxy Statement
AMERICAN EQUITY
INVESTMENT LIFE HOLDING COMPANY
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

Items of Business
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Thursday, June 10, 2022
8:30 a.m., Central Daylight Time
1.To elect three directors to three-year terms.
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6000 Westown Parkway
West Des Moines, IA 50266
(our principal executive offices)
2.To ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2022 (advisory vote).
Record Date
Shareholders of record at the close of business on the record date, April 12, 2022, are entitled to the notice of and to vote at the meeting.
3.To approve the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement (advisory vote).
4.To transact such other business that may properly come before the meeting.
Vote Your SharesInformation about these matters is in the accompanying proxy statement.
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BY TELEPHONE:
1 (866) 804-9616
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Shareholder Meeting to be Held on June 10, 2022
The accompanying Proxy Statement, 2021 Annual Report to Shareholders, and 2022 CEO Letter to Shareholders are available at http://www.viewproxy.com/americanequity/2022.

1
We have outstanding awards representing 1,033,420 shares of our common stock (including both options and share awards) in exchange for past or future services.

Under limited circumstances, our directors are entitled to indemnification from us under applicable law and our bylaws.

General Information

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ONLINE:
www.AALvote.com/AEL
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Voting Rights

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BY MAIL:
If you received a paper copy of the
proxy statement, you may vote
by completing, signing and promptly
returning the enclosed proxy card
in the enclosed postage-paid envelope.
1

Voting

2

Proposal 1—Election of Directors

3

Class I Director Nominated for a Term that Expires at the 2022 Annual Meeting

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Class II Directors Nominated for a Term that Expires at the 2023 Annual Meeting

3

Class III Directors Whose Terms Expire at the 2021 Annual Meeting

4

Class I Directors Whose Terms Expire at the 2022 Annual Meeting

5

Board and Corporate Governance Information

6

Corporate Governance

6

Board Leadership Structure

6

Board of Directors' Oversight of Risk Management

6

Majority of Independent Directors

7

Meetings and Committees

By Order of the Board of Directors

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Phyllis Zanghi
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
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Information Regarding the Company's Process for Identifying Director Nominees

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Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

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Director Stock Ownership Guidelines

10

Director Compensation

10

Proposal 2—Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

13

Audit Committee Disclosures

14

Executive Officers and Compensation

15

Executive Officers

15

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

16

Compensation Committee Report

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Executive Compensation Tables

26

Option Exercises and Stock Vested

29

Potential Payments Upon Termination or a Change in Control

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CEO Pay Ratio

31

Proposal 3—Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation

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Proposal 4—Approval of the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan

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Additional Information

39

Security Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners

39

Equity Plan Information

40

Related Person Transaction Disclosures

41

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

42

Shareholder Proposals for 2021 Annual Meeting

42

Shareholder Communications

42

Householding; Annual Report on Form 10-K

43

Appendix A—American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan

A-12022 Proxy Statement

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Annual Meeting and

Our Proxy Solicitation Information

Statement

A Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials

American Equity Investment Life Holding Company, 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266 (referred to inWe are providing this proxy statement, as the "Company" or as "we," "our" or "us") is using "notice and access" to distribute proxy materials to shareholders, which means this proxy statement and the Company's Annual Report to Shareholders will be made available on the Internet instead of mailing a printed copy to each shareholder. Shareholders who receive a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the "Notice") by mail will not receive a printed copy of these materials other than as described below. The Notice contains instructions as to how shareholders may access and review all of the important information contained in the materials on the Internet, including how to submit proxies. The Notice is first being mailed on or aboutdated April 24, 2020.

If you would prefer to receive a printed copy of the Company's proxy materials, please follow the instructions for requesting printed copies included in the Notice. Shareholders may request to receive proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically by email on an ongoing basis. Choosing to receive future proxy materials by email will save the Company the cost of printing and mailing documents to shareholders and will reduce the impact of the annual meeting on the environment. A shareholder's election to receive proxy materials by email will remain in effect until the shareholder terminates it.

General Information

This proxy statement is provided27, 2022, to the shareholders of the Company in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors for the annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 4, 2020 ("10, 2022 (Annual Meeting"Shareholder Meeting), at the time and place shown in the Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and at any adjournment. To obtain directions to the Annual Shareholder Meeting, you may contact us at our toll-free number: 1-888-221-1234.

We will bear all expenses in connection with this solicitation. Proxies may be solicited by the Board of Directors or management personally, telephonically or electronically.

Voting Rights

Only shareholders of record as of the close of business on April 9, 2020 will be entitled to the notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting. We have a single class of voting common stock, $1 par value per share ("Common Stock"), of which 91,524,623 shares were outstanding and entitled to vote on such date. Each share is entitled to one vote.

Shares present in person or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting will be tabulated to determine if a quorum is present. A quorum is present if a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on a matter are represented for any purpose at the Annual Meeting. Votes withheld for any director, broker non-votes and abstentions represented at the Annual Meeting will be counted for quorum purposes. Votes will be tabulated under the supervision of Alliance Advisors, L.L.C., which has been designated by the Board of Directors as inspector of the election.

If your shares of Common Stock are held in the name of a bank, broker or other holder of record, you will receive instructions from that holder to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting. Contact your bank, broker or other holder of record directly if you have any questions. Even if you do not provide instructions, your bank, broker or other holder of record may vote your shares on certain "routine matters." The New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") considers Proposal 2 to be a "routine matter." As a result, without instructions from you, your broker is permitted to vote your shares on this matter at its discretion. A broker non-vote occurs when a broker does not vote on some matter because the broker has not received instructions from you and does not have discretionary voting power for that particular item. Proposals 1, 3 and 4 are considered "non-routine matters" and, therefore, brokers may not vote on these matters unless they receive specific voting instructions from you.

If you plan to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person, you will have the opportunity to obtain a ballot when you arrive. If your shares of Common Stock are not registered in your own name and you plan to attend the Annual Meeting and vote your shares in person, you will need to contact the broker or agent in whose name your shares are registered to obtain a broker's proxy card. You will need to bring the broker's proxy card with you to the Annual Meeting in order to vote.

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2020 Proxy Statement

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Voting

If you vote by proxy, the individuals named on the proxy card (your proxies) will vote your shares in the manner you indicate. If you sign, date and return the proxy card without indicating your instructions on how to vote your shares, the proxies will vote your shares as follows:

"FOR" the election of the six director nominees;

"FOR" the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP ("KPMG") as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2020;

"FOR" the approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed inIn this proxy statement, pursuant"we," "our," "us," and their derivative forms, and the "Company," refer to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"); andAmerican Equity Investment Life Holding Company.


"FOR" the approval of the Company's Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan.

If any other matter is presented at the Annual Meeting, your proxies will vote in accordance with their best judgment. At the time this proxy statement was printed, we knew of no other matters to be addressed at the Annual Meeting.

If you are a registered shareholder (that is, you own shares of Common Stock in your own name and not through a broker, nominee or in some other "street name"), you may vote by telephone, through the Internet or by obtaining a proxy card and returning it by mail. Please see the Notice for instructions on how to access the telephone and Internet voting systems. If you hold your shares in "street name," your broker or other nominee will advise you on whether you may vote by telephone or through the Internet as an alternative to voting by proxy card.

A proxy may be revoked at any time prior to the close of voting at the Annual Meeting. Such revocation may be made in person at the Annual Meeting, by notice in writing delivered to the Corporate Secretary of the Company, by voting by telephone or through the Internet at a later date or by a proxy bearing a later date.

The Board of Directors urges you to take advantage of internet or telephone voting. Instructions are included in the Notice or the proxy card.



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2022 Proxy Statement

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2022 Proxy Statement
Proposal 1—1
Election of Directors

The Board of Directors presently consists of twelve members. Each member of the

Our Board of Directors has been appointed to one ofnominated three classes with three-yearcurrent directors whose terms expiring on a staggered basis. The terms of the five directors presently serving as the Class II Directors expire at the Annual Meeting, along with the term of one director presently serving as a Class I Director.

The nominees to serve as Class II Directors are Joyce A. Chapman, James M. Gerlach, Robert L. Howe, Michelle M. Keeley, and William R. Kunkel. Each is nominated2022 annual shareholder meeting for a term of three years expiringnew terms ending at the 2025 annual meeting of shareholders in 2023, or until their respective successors are elected and qualified, subject to their prior death, resignation or removal. Ms. Keeley is standing for election as a Class II Director to replace Debra J. Richardson, who presently serves as a Class II Director and is not standing for reelection at the Annual Meeting.

Mses. Chapman and Keeley and Messrs. Gerlach, Howe and Kunkel are independent under the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ("SOX"), and rules adopted by the SEC, as well as the corporate governance listing standards of the NYSE ("NYSE Rules").

On January 8, 2020, the Board of Directors increased its size from eleven to twelve directors effective January 27, 2020. shareholder meeting:

Anant Bhalla was appointed by the Board of Directors to fill the vacancy created by the increase in the number of, also our President and Chief Executive Officer;
Alan D. Matula, an independent director; and
Gerard D. Neugent, an independent director.
Shareholders elect directors and to serve on the Executive and Investment Committees. Mr. Bhalla's initial term expires on the date of the Annual Meeting and he serves as a Class I Director. He is nominated for a term of two years expiring at the annual meeting of shareholders in 2022, or until his successor is elected and qualified, subject to his prior death, resignation or removal.

The Board of Directors anticipates the nominees will serve. In the event a nominee is unable to do so, proxies will be voted for such substitute nominee as the Board of Directors in its discretion may recommend. Proxies will be voted for the election of the nominees unless the shareholder giving the proxy withholds authority or votes against any nominee.

Directors are elected by a plurality vote of the votes cast by the shares of our common stock entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.

The2022 annual shareholder meeting.

Our Board of Directors unanimously recommends you vote FOR theits nominees, listed below.Mr. Bhalla, Mr. Matula, and Mr. Neugent.

Directors

Class I Director
Directors Nominated for a Term that Expires at the 20222025 Annual Meeting

Anant Bhalla, 42,44, has served as a Directordirector since January 2020. Effective January 27, 2020, Mr. Bhalla was appointed our President, of the Company, and effective March 1, 2020, he was appointed our Chief Executive Officer. Prior to that, Mr. Bhalla was a partner of Bhalla Capital Partners from March 2019 to January 2020. From 2016 until 2019, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Brighthouse Financial, Inc., an insurance and financial services company. From 2014 until 2016, he served as Chief Financial Officer of Retail businessBusiness for MetLife.MetLife, a insurance and financial services company. Prior to MetLife, Mr. Bhalla served in numerous senior roles including Chief Risk Officer, Treasurer, and other management roles at Fortune 500 companies, including American International Group, Lincoln National Corporation, and Ameriprise Financial.Financial Services. Mr. Bhalla'sBhalla is also director of the Greater Des Moines Partnership, an economic and community development organization. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Bhalla should serve as a director in light of his financial expertise, proven public company strategic leadership, and extensive knowledge of, and background in, the Company'sour industry and business ledbusiness.
Class I
Alan D. Matula, 61, has served as a director since December 2015. He has served as the Chief Information Officer of Weber-Stephen Products LLC, a privately owned company that manufactures charcoal, gas and electric outdoor grills and accessories, since December 2015. Mr. Matula worked for the Royal Dutch Shell plc organization, an energy company, for over 30 years. During that time, he served in various information technology capacities for the parent company and several of its subsidiaries, including Chief Information Officer for Royal Dutch Shell plc from 2006 to 2015. Our Board of Directors to concludeconcluded that Mr. BhallaMatula should serve as a director in light of his financial expertise, proven public company strategic experience as chief information officer overseeing technology and cyber-related risks, as well as his deep business experience.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit and Risk Committee; Class I
Gerard D. Neugent, 70, has served as a director since 2010. Mr. Neugent is a manager of William C. Knapp, LC, builders, since 2008. He also was a member of that company from 2008 until 2021 when he transferred his ownership of 4.8% to a trust for the Company.benefit of his immediate family. He has served Knapp Properties, L.C. as Co-Chairman since 2017, and Knapp Properties, Inc. (

    Member:Knapp Properties), a real estate development, management and brokerage business, as Chief Executive Officer from 2014 until 2020, as President from 2014 until 2017, and as President and Chief Operating Officer from 1993 until 2014. His primary duties there included real estate transactions, development and management. Mr. Neugent received his law degree from Drake University. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Neugent should serve as a director in light of his experience in real estate and business management as well as his legal background.

Investment Committees

Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee; Class III

3

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2022 Proxy Statement
Other Directors Nominated for a Term that Expires at the 2023 Annual Meeting

Joyce A. Chapman, 75,77, has served as a director since 2008. She worked for over 35 years with West Bank, West Des Moines, Iowa until her retirement in 2006. While at West Bank, Ms. Chapman served in various capacities related to bank administration and operations. From 1975 until her retirement from the board in 2018, Ms. Chapman served as a director for West Bank and West Bancorporation, Inc., a banking and trust services business, from 1975 until her retirement from its board in 2018. Ms. Chapman has served in numerous positions of leadership in philanthropic and banking industry organizations. Our Board of Directors concluded that Ms. Chapman's leadershipChapman should serve as a director in light of her experience in various organizations and her experience in the banking industry led the Board of Directors to conclude that Ms. Chapman should serve as a director of the Company.industry.

    Member:

Compensation and Talent Management Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees

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2020 Proxy Statement

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James M. Gerlach, 78, has served as a director since 1996. He served as Executive Vice President of the Company from 1996 until his retirement in 2011. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Gerlach served as Executive Vice President of American Life and Casualty Insurance Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Statesman Group, Inc. ("Statesman"), and as Executive Vice President and Treasurer of Vulcan Life Insurance Company, a subsidiary of American Life and Casualty Insurance Company. Mr. Gerlach was active in the insurance industry for over 45 years. Mr. Gerlach's knowledge of the Company's operations as well as his years of experience in the insurance industry led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Gerlach should serve as a director of the Company.

    Member: Investment and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees

Robert L. Howe, 77, has served as a director since 2005. He is our Lead Independent Director. He served the State of Iowa Insurance Division from 1964 to 2002 in various capacities. He was named Deputy Commissioner and Chief Examiner in 1985 and served in that position until his retirement in 2002. During this time, Mr. Howe was responsible for the financial oversight of 220 domestic insurance companies. Since his retirement, Mr. Howe has been a self-employed insurance consultant. Mr. Howe served as a director of EMC National Life Company from 2003 until 2007, and, from 2007 until 2018, Mr. Howe served as a director of EMC Insurance Group. He also served as the designated financial expert on the board of directors of EMC Insurance Group. Mr. Howe is a certified financial examiner, certified insurance examiner, certified government financial manager and accredited insurance receiver. Mr. Howe's experience in the financial oversight of insurance companies and his expertise in finance led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Howe should serve as a director of the Company.

    Member: Executive and Audit Committees

Michelle M. Keeley, 55, is a retired Executive Vice President of equities and fixed income investments for RiverSource Investments, LLC, the asset management division of Ameriprise Financial Services. Ms. Keeley worked for American Express and its publicly-traded spin-off, Ameriprise Financial Services, from 2002 to 2010. Prior to joining American Express, Ms. Keeley was a managing director with Zurich Global Assets from 1990 to 2002. In November 2014, Ms. Keeley was elected to serve as an independent director on the board of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines. Currently, she serves as chair of the human resources and compensation committee and a member of the finance and planning and executive committees for the board of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines. In 2015, Ms. Keeley became a director of the Bridge Builder Mutual Fund Series, an affiliated company of Edward Jones Financial Services. Ms. Keeley serves on all committees of the board of the Bridge Builder Mutual Fund Series. Ms. Keeley's executive experience in capital markets and financial services, as well as her board experience with a bank and a mutual fund company led the Board of Directors to conclude that Ms. Keeley should serve as a director of the Company.

William R. Kunkel, 63, has served as a director since June 2016. He has served as General Counsel of the Archdiocese of Chicago since November 2016. From 2012 through April 1, 2016, he served as the Company's Executive Vice President, Legal and General Counsel. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Kunkel was a partnerCommittee; Class II, term expires at the international law firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP for over 25 years, where he focused his practice on mergers and acquisitions, corporate finance and other corporate governance and securities matters. Mr. Kunkel's experience as an executive of the Company and as legal counsel to the Company as well as his expertise in corporate governance and corporate finance led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Kunkel should serve as a director of the Company.

    Member: Risk Committee

Class III Directors Whose Terms Expire at the 2021 Annual Meeting

2023 annual shareholder meeting

Brenda J. Cushing, 56,58, has served as a director since March 2017. Ms. Cushing has been an independent insurance consultant since August 2015. From August 2014 to August 2015, Ms. Cushing served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Athene Holding Ltd., a retirement services company, and from October 2013 to August 2014, Ms. Cushing served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Athene USA Corp., a subsidiary of Athene Holding Ltd. From 2008 until its acquisition by Athene Holding Ltd. in 2013, Ms. Cushing served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Aviva USA Corp., a diversified financial company that offered long-term savings, insurance and retirement income products. Ms. Cushing is a certified public accountant (inactive) and has been involved in the insurance industry for over 2025 years. Ms. Cushing'sCushing also serves as Director of MercyOne Des Moines (a medical center and hospital not-for-profit), Bankers Trust (a bank), and Merchants Bonding (a surety bond company). Our Board of Directors concluded that Ms. Cushing should serve as a director in light of her financial expertise and insurance company financial leadership for over two decades leddecades.
Audit and Risk Committee, Compensation and Talent Management Committee; Class III, term expires at the 2024 annual shareholder meeting
James M. Gerlach, 79, has served as a director since 1996. He served as our Executive Vice President from 1996 until his retirement in 2011. Prior to joining us, Mr. Gerlach served as Executive Vice President of American Life and Casualty Insurance Company, a wholly-owned insurance subsidiary of Statesman, and as Executive Vice President and Treasurer of Vulcan Life Insurance Company, an insurance subsidiary of American Life and Casualty Insurance Company. Mr. Gerlach was active in the insurance industry for over 45 years. Our Board of Directors to concludeconcluded that Ms. CushingMr. Gerlach should serve as a director in light of his knowledge of our operations as well as his years of experience in the insurance industry.
Class II, term expires at the 2023 annual shareholder meeting
Douglas T. Healy, 57, has served as a director since September 2020. Mr. Healy currently serves as a senior advisor to a number of companies in the financial, technology and non-profit sectors. Prior to his current activities, Mr. Healy had more than 30 years of senior leadership experience at major financial and asset management firms including Credit Suisse, AXA Investment Managers and CS First Boston. He has a deep knowledge of the Company.insurance industry, investment strategy, and asset allocation. Mr. Healy is a Chartered Financial Analyst and also serves as Director and Treasurer of The Eagle Academy Foundation. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Healy should serve as a director in light of his financial and insurance expertise and asset management firm leadership for over 30 years.

    Member:

Investment Committee, Audit and Compensation Committees

Risk Committee; Class III, term expires at the 2024 annual shareholder meeting
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Robert L. Howe

Table, 79, has served as a director since 2005. He served the State of ContentsIowa Insurance Division, the state's insurance regulator, from 1964 to 2002 in various capacities. He was named Deputy Commissioner and Chief Examiner in 1985 and served in that position until his retirement in 2002. During this time, Mr. Howe was responsible for the financial oversight of 220 domestic insurance companies. Since his retirement, Mr. Howe has been a self-employed insurance consultant. Mr. Howe served as a director of EMC National Life Company, from 2003 until 2007, and, from 2007 until 2018, as a director of EMC Insurance Group, an insurance organization. He also served as the designated financial expert on the board of directors of EMC Insurance Group. Mr. Howe is a certified financial examiner, certified insurance examiner, certified government financial manager and accredited insurance receiver. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Howe should serve as a director in light of his experience in the financial oversight of insurance companies and his expertise in finance.

Investment Committee, Audit and Risk Committee; Class II, term expires at the 2023 annual shareholder meeting
William R. Kunkel, 65, has served as a director since June 2016. He served as General Counsel of the Archdiocese of Chicago, a religious organization, from November 2016 until July 31, 2020. From 2012 through April 1, 2016, he served as our Executive Vice President, Legal and General Counsel. Prior to joining us, Mr. Kunkel was a partner at the law firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP for over 25 years, where he focused his practice on mergers and acquisitions, corporate finance and other corporate governance and securities matters. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Kunkel should serve as a director in light of his experience as an executive of ours and as legal counsel to us, as well as his expertise in corporate governance and corporate finance.
Class II, term expires at the 2023 annual shareholder meeting
David S. Mulcahy, 67,69, has served as a director since 2011. Mr. MulcahyHe has served as our independent Chairman of the Board of Directors since April 2021 and served as our Audit Committee Chairman from 2011 to 2021. He previously served as a member of the Company'son our Board of Directors from 1996 to 2006. Mr. Mulcahy has served as non-executive Chairman of the board of Workiva Inc. (NYSE: WK), a technology company, since June 2018, and as a member of its board of directors since 2014. He served as chairman of its compensation committee from 2014 to 2018. Workiva Inc. is a provider of cloud-based compliance and regulatory reporting solutions serving a global client base, including some of the largest companies in the U.S. Mr. Mulcahy is the chairman of Monarch Materials Group, Inc., which manufactures and sells building products into the concrete construction industry. Mr. Mulcahy also serves as president and chairman of the board of directors of MABSCO Capital, Inc., which provides portfolio management services. Mr. Mulcahy is an active investor in private companies and previously managed private equity capital for numerous banks and insurance companies. He is a certified public accountant (inactive) who was a partner with Ernst & Young (EY), where he specialized in mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Mulcahy is a graduate of the University of Iowa. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Mulcahy should serve as a director in light of his valuable perspective and extensive background and experience in business management, financial reporting and accounting.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee; Class III, term expires at the 2024 annual shareholder meeting
Sachin Shah, 45, has served as a director since November 2020. Mr. Shah currently is Managing Partner, Chief Investment Officer of Brookfield Asset Management Inc., and Vice Chair of Brookfield Renewable Group. Since 2002, Mr. Shah has been with Brookfield Asset Management Inc., a global alternative asset manager with assets under management across its real estate, infrastructure, renewable power, private equity, and credit strategies. He has held a variety of senior roles across that organization, including Chief Executive Officer of Brookfield Renewable Partners from 2015 to 2020. Our Board of Directors concluded that Mr. Shah should serve as a director in light of his financial and asset management expertise and experience.
Class III, term expires at the 2024 annual shareholder meeting

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Director Qualifications and Experience
Our Board believes that the director nominees and other directors are knowledgeable, skilled, and qualified to oversee our evolving business, and that our Board will continue to be well-equipped to vigorously exercise its role.
BhallaChapmanCushingGerlachHealyHoweKunkelMatulaMulcahyNeugentShah
Financial Services
Insurance
Risk Management
Financial Reporting/Accounting
Brand and Marketing
Executive Compensation
Human Resources/Talent Management
Information Technology/Cybersecurity
Investment Management/Asset Allocation
Legal/Insurance Regulatory
Other Public Company Board Experience

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Corporate Governance
As we described in our 2021 proxy statement, our Board engaged a nationally recognized corporate governance expert as an independent consultant to review the Board’s and its committees’ composition, tenure, charters, guidelines, and processes, informed by industry corporate governance best practices. A committee of independent directors worked with the independent advisor to develop proposals to enhance our Board's ability to focus on long-term shareholder value through attention to strategy, risk, talent, metrics for prudent and active risk-taking, management oversight, and sustainability. Our Board adopted those recommendations.
Among other things, our Board:
considers its optimum size to be seven to nine directors, plus the Chief Executive Officer;
adopted a new retirement policy that directors will not stand for re-election at or after 75 years of age;
expects not to nominate or appoint (or to renominate upon end of current term) any of our former employees to the Board;
appointed only independent directors to each of the Board’s standing committees;
established a new Audit and Risk Committee with responsibilities for our audit, information security, privacy, related person transaction, and operational, actuarial, and reputational risk oversight;
refreshed the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee's responsibilities to enhance its role in director nominee selection, skill development, training, and self-assessment;
expanded the focus of the Compensation and Talent Management Committee on Chief Executive Officer and executive officer performance, evaluation, compensation, and succession, as well as on oversight of talent management, leadership, culture, and management of any risks from succession planning or compensation plans; and
appointed an independent director to chair the Investment Committee and expanded the committee’s focus on oversight of portfolio risk.
We expect shortly to begin the process to choose a search firm to recruit director candidates, including those with a diversity of experience.

Board Leadership Structure
Mr. Mulcahy serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chair of Monarch Materials Group, Inc., a privately-ownedour Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and focuses on Board effectiveness in oversight of company which manufactures residential, basement window systems,strategy, risks, and as President of MABSCO Capital, Inc., a privately-owned company which provides a selection of services including portfolio management, financial consulting and private placement, private equity and joint venture transactions. Mr. Mulcahy was appointed the non-executive Chairman of the Board of Workiva Inc. in June 2018 and has served as a director since its initial public offering in 2014.performance. Mr. Mulcahy is a certified public accountant and was a partnerqualified to lead our Board in the Des Moines officelight of Ernst & Young LLP, where he was employed from 1976 through 1994. Mr. Mulcahy's financial expertise, knowledge and experience in accounting and business management led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Mulcahy should servehis tenure as a director of the Company.

A. J. Strickland, III, 78, has served as a director since 1996. He has been the Thomas R. Miller Professor of Strategic Management in the Graduate School of Business at the University of Alabama since 1969. Dr. Strickland was a director of United Security Bancshares, Inc. from 2013 to 2017 and a director of Twenty Services, Inc. until March 2014. Dr. Strickland is also the co-author of many strategic management books and texts used at universities worldwide. In addition, he conducts frequent industry and competitive analyses of domestic and international firms. Dr. Strickland's extensive knowledge of strategic management and the finance industry arising from his academic experience led the Board of Directors to conclude that Dr. Strickland should serve as a director of the Company.

Class I Directors Whose Terms Expire at the 2022 Annual Meeting

John M. Matovina, 65, has served as a director since 2000 and is serving as non-executive Chairman following his termination of employment with the Company. He has served as Chairman since April 2017 and served as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company from 2012 until March 1, 2020 and January 27, 2020, respectively. He served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company from 2009 to 2012 and as the Company's Vice Chairman from 2003 to April 2017. Mr. Matovina was a private investor and a financial consultant to us from 1997 to 2003. From 1983 through 1996, he was a senior financial officer of Statesman and many of its subsidiaries, and, prior to Statesman's acquisition in 1994, he served as Statesman's Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary. Mr. Matovina is a certifiedother public accountant and has more than 30 years of experience in the life insurance industry. Mr. Matovina's former role as Chief Executive Officer of the Companycompany board leadership, as well as his years of experienceexpertise in and extensive knowledge of the life insurance industry led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Matovina should serve as a director of the Company.

Alan D. Matula, 59, has served as a director since December 2015. He has served as the Chief Information Officer of Weber-Stephen Products LLC, a privately owned company which manufactures charcoal, gas and electric outdoor grills and accessories, since December 2015. Mr. Matula worked for the Royal Dutch Shell plc organization for over 30 years. During that time, he served in various information technology capacities for the parent company and several of its subsidiaries, including chief information officer for Royal Dutch Shell plc from 2006 to 2015. Mr. Matula's experience as chief information officer overseeing technology and cyber-related risks as well as his deepaccounting, business experience led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Matula should serve as a director of the Company.

Gerard D. Neugent, 68, has served as a director since 2010. He has served as Co-Chairman of Knapp Properties, L.C. since 2017 and served as Chief Executive Officer of Knapp Properties, Inc. ("Knapp Properties") from 2014 until 2020 and President from 2014 to 2017 and served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Knapp Properties from 1993 until 2014. His primary duties include real estate transactions, developmentbuilding, and management. Mr. Neugent received his law degree from Drake University. Mr. Neugent's experience in real estate and business management as well as his legal background led the Board of Directors to conclude that Mr. Neugent should serve as a director of the Company.

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2020 Proxy Statement

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Board and Corporate Governance Information

Corporate Governance

The Company is committed to the highest standards of business conduct in our relationships with each other and with our customers, distributors, agents, national marketing organizations, suppliers, shareholders and others. This requires conducting our business in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations and in accordance with the highest standards of business conduct. The Company has established a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the "Code of Conduct") to assure uniformity in standards of conduct. The Code of Conduct applies to the Company's directors, officers and employees. The Code of Conduct is available as "Code of Conduct" under "Corporate Governance" accessible through the "Investor Relations" link on the Company's website at www.american-equity.com. A copy of the Code of Conduct is available in print. Requests should be sent to the Corporate Secretary at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266.

Board Leadership Structure

Mr. Matovina serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors. As Chairman of the Board, Mr. Matovina's focus is on the strategic direction of the Company. Mr. Matovina's former service as our Chief Executive Officer and President and his substantial industry experience make him the appropriate leader of the Board. Mr. Howe serves as Lead Independent Director and works with the Chairman and other members of the Board of Directors to provide independent oversight of the Company. Among other things, Mr. Howe serves as principalMulcahy coordinates liaison among the Chairman, the independent directors and senior management. Mr. Howe alsomanagement and chairs executive sessions of the independent directors.

Beginning in 2021, only independent directors are members of - and non-management directors.

serve as the chair of - each of our Board committees. This promotes objective and effective committee oversight of Directors' Oversightmanagement and achievement of Risk Management

The Company'sthe roles and goals our Board of Directors administers its risk oversight function directlyhas assigned each committee.


Director Independence
Our Board considers a director independent only if the director has no material relationship with us and through its committees. our affiliates and is otherwise independent under New York Stock Exchange rules. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has adopted Categorical Standards on Director Independence, available on our website (www.american-equity.com), as guidelines for determining whether a relationship is material.
The Board of Directors participates in settingfound Mr. Matula, Mr. Neugent, Ms. Chapman, Ms. Cushing, Mr. Healy, Mr. Howe, Mr. Mulcahy, and Mr. A.J. Strickland III (who is serving as a director until the Company's business strategy and plays a key role in the assessment of management's approach to risk. Through this process,annual shareholder meeting) independent. In so doing, our Board considered that Mr. Mulcahy serves on the Board of Directors better understandsof Workiva and determines what levelis a less than 1% owner of risk is appropriatethat company. Workiva provides software and related services to us for the Company. While the Board of Directors has the ultimate oversight responsibility for the risk management process, various committees of the Board of Directors also have responsibility for risk management. For example, the Audit Committee focuses on financial reporting risk, including internal controls. The Risk Committee focuses on non-financial risks, liquidity riskdrafting, managing, and insurance risk. Additionally, the Compensation Committee is responsible for creating incentives that encourage a level of risk-taking behavior consistentfiling information with the Company's business strategy. Finally, the Investment Committee focuses on credit risk and market risk and investment policies and activities.

The responsibility for the day-to-day management of risk lies with the Chief Executive Officer and our management. The Company has an enterprise risk management ("ERM") policy approved by the Board of Directors and implemented by an ERM Committee comprised of the Chief Risk OfficerSEC and other members of senior management who, among other things, review and discuss reports from other members of management regarding the Company's risk management activities, including the areas management has identified as our major risk exposures, and the steps taken to monitor and manage those exposures. The Chief Executive Officer, Chief Risk Officer and ERM Committee are responsible for reporting the risk profile, risk trends and key risk metrics to the Risk Committee.

The Company hasaccounting practices. Our Board also considered that Mr. Neugent is a Disclosure Committee comprised of (i) the Audit Committee Chair, who also serves as Chairman for the Disclosure Committee, (ii) the Chief Financial Officer, (iii) the Chief Accounting Officer and (iv) the General Counsel of the Company. The purpose of the Disclosure Committee is to assist senior officers of the Company in fulfilling the Company's and their responsibilities regarding the identification and disclosure of material information about the Company and the accuracy, completeness and timeliness of the Company's financial reports, SEC reports and press releases.

director, manager,
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Majority of Independent Directors

Our Board of Directors presently includes twelve members

officer, and it has affirmatively determined the following ten are independent under applicable requirements:

Joyce A. Chapman
Brenda J. Cushing
James M. Gerlach
Robert L. Howe
William R. Kunkel
Alan D. Matula
David S. Mulcahy
Gerard D. Neugent
Debra J. Richardson
A. J. Strickland, III

The Board has also determined that Michelle M. Keeley, who is nominated for election, is independent under the applicable requirements.

Gerard D. Neugent is the Co-Chairmanan owner of Knapp Properties, L.C. which directly or through its affiliate, Knapp Properties,Properties. That firm provides property management services tofor the (unaffiliated) owner of the building where the Company has its principal executive offices in West Des Moines, Iowa.American Equity office space. The aggregate amountfirm’s fee is 4% of fees paid to Knapp Properties by the owner of the building with respect to the Company's offices is immaterial in amount to both the Company and to Knapp Properties.gross rent. Mr. Neugent is also a member/member and manager of William C. Knapp L.C., which isLC, a 50% owner of West Lake Properties, L.C. West Lake Properties, L.C. ownsproperty where we lease warehouse space. In no case does the director have a warehouse building,material interest in the transactions with us.


Board and Committee Meetings
Each director attended at least 75% of our Board meetings and meetings of any Board committee on which the director served in 2021. All directors attended the 2021 annual shareholder meeting. We expect each of our directors to attend our 2022 Annual Shareholder Meeting.
Meetings
During 2021
Board of Directors6
Audit and Risk Committee (1)
10
Compensation and Talent Management Committee (2)
12
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee5
Investment Committee5
(1) Includes both of its predecessors, the Audit Committee and the Risk Committee.
(2) Includes its predecessor, the Compensation Committee.
The Board as a portion of which is leased towhole took on the Company. The aggregate amount of rent and expenses relating to the warehouse space is immaterial in amount to both the Company and William C. Knapp, L.C.

David S. Mulcahy is the non-executive Chairmanformer responsibilities of the Board, a directorInnovation and shareholder of Workiva Inc. The Company has entered into a subscription agreement with Workiva Inc. to utilize certain software. The fees paid to Workiva Inc. in 2019 pursuant to the subscription agreement are immaterial to the CompanyTechnology Committee and to Workiva Inc.

The independent directors meet in executive sessionExecutive Committee during 2021; as a partresult, neither committee met during the year.


Board of all regular quarterly meetingsDirectors’ Oversight of theRisk Management
Our effective risk management is fundamental to delivery of long-term value to shareholders, policyholders, and other stakeholders. Our Board of Directors oversees our strategy and risk management, as partwell as the alignment of other meetingsone with the other.
Each of our Board committees has a crucial role in risk management oversight:
The Audit and Risk Committee plays a central role overseeing our risk management governance structure, risk management taxonomy, risk appetite, and risk assessment guidelines for the identification and review of risks that could have a material impact on us.
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee oversees governance risk management through its director succession planning, director nominee selection, and director education.
The Compensation and Talent Management Committee oversees our management of risks relating to our compensation arrangements, including how we avoid creating incentives to take excessive or inappropriate risks, as well as risks from continuity and orderly succession planning of our senior management.
The Investment Committee oversees risks related to our investment portfolio, including investment risk limits, risk appetite, and risk guidelines.

Board Committees

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The committee consists entirely of independent directors. The committee:
assesses the skills, backgrounds, experience, independence, and expertise the board needs and identifies and recommends director nominees to the Board;
establishes a director orientation program;
reviews and advises our Board on ongoing director independence and conflicts of interest;
develops and recommends corporate governance principles to our Board;
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coordinates the Board and committee’s oversight of environmental, social and governance issues;
reviews and recommends compensation of the Corporation’s independent directors to the Board;
oversees the administration of our securities trading policies;
oversees the completion of director and officer questionnaires;
reviews the Board’s leadership structure; and
conducts an annual Board and committee assessment.
See also "Board of Directors when warranted. At each executive session,Directors’ Oversight of Risk Management," above.
You can find the Lead Independent Director presides. The Board of Directors has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines, which are available as "Guidelines"committee's charter under "Corporate Governance" accessible through the "Investor Relations" link on our website at www.american-equity.com and arewww.american-equity.com. The charter is also available in print for any shareholder upon request.

Any interested parties desiring


Compensation and Talent Management Committee
The committee consists entirely of independent directors. The committee:
reviews and approves compensation-related corporate goals and objectives for our Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers, evaluates their performance against such goals, and recommends their compensation for determination by our Board’s independent directors;
when appropriate, assists our Board in recruiting a new Chief Executive Officer and in establishing related continuity, orderly succession, and contingency succession planning;
oversees our short-term and long-term incentive plans and equity-based plans;
oversees management’s processes and systems to communicate withattract, recruit, hire, train, develop, promote, and retain a member (or all members)talented and diverse workforce, and for the continuity and orderly succession of senior management; and
reviews and approves its report and the Compensation Discussion & Analysis, each of which is included in this proxy statement.
See also "Board of Directors’ Oversight of Risk Management," above.
The committee has engaged Pearl Meyer & Partners, an independent compensation consultant (Pearl Meyer). Pearl Meyer provided advice, compensation benchmarking and market practice data. The committee reviewed information from Pearl Meyer addressing its independence and the independence of the Boardteam directly serving the committee. This included the nature of Directors regarding the Company may directly contact such directors by mail or electronically. To communicate with the Board of Directors, any individual director or any group or committee of directors, correspondence should be addressedits services to us other than to the committee or Board (which was none), our fees in relation to its total revenue, its conflict of Directorsinterest policies and procedures, and any relevant business or personal relationships or stock ownership including the independence factors set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10C-1. We believe that the firm’s work has not raised any such individual director or group or committeeconflict of directors by either name or title. All mail correspondence should be sent to the Corporate Secretary at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266. All electronic correspondence should be sent to the Corporate Secretary at corpsecretary@american-equity.com. All correspondence received by the Corporate Secretary will be categorized and then forwarded to the Board of Directors, the individual director or any group or committee of directors.

Meetings and Committees of the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors met twelve times in 2019, and each of the directors attended at least 75% of the meetings of the Board of Directorsinterest and the committee meetings for any committee on which he or she served during 2019. We currently have seven permanent committees, as described below. Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, a

firm is independent.

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director is invited and encouraged to attendYou can find the Annual Meeting. All directors, with the exception of A. J. Strickland, III attended the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

Board Committee
Current Members
Meetings
During 2019

Audit

Cushing, Howe, Mulcahy8

Compensation

Chapman, Cushing, Strickland7

Nominating & Corporate Governance

Chapman, Gerlach, Neugent7

Executive

Bhalla(1), Howe, Matovina, Mulcahy1

Investment

Bhalla(1), Howe, Matovina, Mulcahy4

Risk

Kunkel, Matula, Richardson(2)4

Innovation & Technology

Matula, Mulcahy, Strickland2
(1)
Mr. Bhalla was appointed to the Board of Directors and became a member of the Executive and Investment Committees on January 27, 2020.

(2)
Ms. Richardson, who presently serves as a Class II Director, will not stand for reelection at the Annual Meeting.

TheAudit Committee performs the following functions, among others: (i) assists the Board of Directors' oversight of (a) the integrity of our financial statements and systems of internal control over financial reporting; (b) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as they pertain to the financial statements and annual audit process; (c) our independent registered public accounting firm's qualifications and independence; and (d) the performance of our independent registered public accounting firm and our internal audit function; and (ii) prepares the annual report on audit disclosures required to be prepared by the Audit Committee pursuant to the rules of the SEC. The Audit Committee is governed by a writtencommittee's charter approved by the Board of Directors. The charter is available under "Corporate Governance" accessible through the "Investor Relations" link on our website at www.american-equity.com andwww.american-equity.com. The charter is also available in print for any shareholder upon request. The annual report


Compensation and Talent Management Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of the Audit Committee is set forth below.

The Audit Committee must include only directors who satisfy the independence requirements under SOXour Compensation and the NYSE Rules. In addition, all AuditTalent Management Committee members must havehas ever been an officer or employee of ours or any of our subsidiaries. During our last fiscal year, none of our executives served on the abilitycompensation committee or board of directors of any company that had any executive officers who served on our Board of Directors or our Compensation and Talent Management Committee.


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Audit and Risk Committee
The committee consists entirely of independent directors. All committee members are able to read and understand financial statements. The Board of Directors has determined that all members of the Audit Committee meet the applicable standards. In addition, the Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Cushing, Mr. Healy, Mr. Howe, and Mr. MulcahyMatula are "audit committee financial experts," as that term is defined under SOX.

TheUnited Stated Securities and Exchange Commission (Compensation CommitteeSEC performs ) rules. The committee oversees:

the following functions, among others: (i) oversees the compensationintegrity of our financial statements;
our compliance with legal and benefit plansregulatory requirements pertaining to financial statements and practices related to the Company's Chief Executive Officer; (ii) oversees the compensation payable to those executive officers identified in the Company's proxy statement who report directly to the Chief Executive Officer; (iii) administers the Company's compensation plans including cash incentiveannual audit process;
our independent auditors' qualifications and equity-based plans; (iv)independence, and performance;
our independent auditors and internal audit function; and
many aspects of our our risk management. See "Board of Directors’ Oversight of Risk Management," above.
The committee also reviews and recommends toapproves its report included in this proxy statement. You can find the Board of Directors the compensation of the Company's non-employee directors; and (v) produces an annual report on executive compensation required to be prepared by the Compensation Committee pursuant to the rules of the SEC. The Compensation Committee is governed by a writtencommittee's charter approved by the Board of Directors. The charter is available under "Corporate Governance" accessible through the "Investor Relations" link on our website at www.american-equity.com andwww.american-equity.com. The charter is also available in print for any shareholder upon request. The annual report of the Compensation Committee is set forth below.

The Compensation Committee has the authority to engage compensation consultants, independent legal counsel and other advisers as it deems necessary. The Compensation Committee has engaged Pearl Meyer & Partners, an independent compensation consultant ("Pearl Meyer"), to provide advice and data with respect to compensation benchmarking and market practices. In 2019, Pearl Meyer advised the Compensation Committee regarding (i) base salaries of executive officers, (ii) short-term incentive compensation awards and (iii) long-term incentive compensation awards. In performing the annual assessment of the compensation consultant's independence, the Compensation Committee has reviewed, among other items, a letter from Pearl Meyer addressing its independence and the independence of the members of the consulting team serving the Compensation Committee, including the following factors: (i) the nature of any services provided to the Company by Pearl Meyer other than as described above; (ii) the amount of fees paid by the Company in relation to Pearl Meyer's total revenue; (iii) Pearl Meyer's policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest; and (iv) the existence of any business or personal relationship or stock ownership that could impact the adviser's independence. Pursuant to SEC and NYSE Rules, the Compensation Committee assessed the independence of Pearl Meyer in February 2019 and determined Pearl

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Meyer is independent from the Company's management and that no conflict of interest exists that would prevent Pearl Meyer from serving as an independent consultant for the Compensation Committee.

Under the NYSE Rules, the Compensation Committee must be composedThe committee consists entirely of independent directors. The Boardcommittee oversees our investment strategies, objectives, policies, practices and activities, including the performance of Directors has determined that all membersany third party investment sub-advisors. See also "Board of the Compensation Committee meet the applicable standard.

TheNominating and Corporate Governance Committee performs the following functions, among others: (i) identifies and recommends to the BoardDirectors’ Oversight of Directors individuals qualified to serve as directorsRisk Management," above.


Director Policies; Code of the Company; (ii) develops and recommendsEthics
Our Board's corporate governance principles forguidelines assist it in exercising its responsibilities, and are designed to promote Board and committee effectiveness. You can find the Company as required by law; (iii) oversees the Chief Executive Officer succession planning process; and (iv) oversees the evaluation of the Board of Directors as a whole and the Company's management. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board of Directors. The charter is availableguidelines under "Corporate Governance" accessible through the "Investor Relations" link on our website at www.american-equity.comwww.american-equity.com.
We require each independent director to own common stock of at least three times the annual director cash retainer. Directors must retain at least 75% of the net after-tax shares from the vesting, settlement or exercise of equity awards until they meet the stock ownership level. We measure stock ownership annually at year-end using the highest price within the past twelve (12) months. Each of our independent directors has met the stock ownership requirements.
We prohibit our directors from pledging, hedging, or similar arrangements for our common stock that lock in value without the full risks and isrewards of stock ownership. We also availableprohibit them from buying our common stock on margin or borrowing against any account in print for anywhich they own our common stock. In so doing, we aim to preserve the shareholder upon request.

Under the NYSE Rules,alignment from their stock ownership.

Our director conflict of interest policy provides guidance to directors on how to recognize an actual, apparent, or potential conflict; how to disclose it to us; and how to proceed in light of an actual, apparent, or potential director conflict of interest. It also describes how the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee must be composed entirelywill review and act on a reported conflict of independent directors.interest, and what actions and remedies it may recommend our Board implement. As such, it provides the framework for directors, the committee, and the Board to address such situations promptly, consistently, and manner designed to protect us and our shareholders

We have established a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for our directors, chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, other officers, and employees. The code explains how we expect everyone to conduct our business and how to determine the right choices when presented with an ethical problem. You can find the code under "Corporate Governance" through the "Investor Relations" link on the Company’s website at www.american-equity.com. You may request a printed copy of the Code of Conduct from our Corporate Secretary by mail at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266.

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Related Person Transaction Disclosures
We and our corporate affiliates enter into or continue related person transactions, as defined in SEC rules, only when our Board of Directors has determinedapproves as described below. No director participates in any review of any transaction where that alldirector or any immediate family members is the related person.
Our legal counsel advises the Board whether a proposed or amended transaction is a related person transaction. If so, our management or the related person submits the proposed transaction or amendment to the Audit and Risk Committee. The committee (or the chair, where awaiting full committee consideration would be impracticable), considers any facts and circumstances it determines relevant, such as the benefits to us, any impact on a director’s independence, the availability of other suppliers or customers, the terms of the transaction; and terms available to unrelated third parties or to customers generally. The committee approves the transaction only if it determines it is in, or not inconsistent with, our and our shareholders best interests.
In addition, each first calendar quarter, the committee reviews any existing related person transactions that have a remaining term of more than six months or remaining amounts payable to or receivable from the Company of more than $120,000. The committee determines if it is in our and our shareholders' best interests for the transaction to continue.
BlackRock, Inc. has publicly disclosed a greater than 5% beneficial interest in our common stock. During 2021, we paid BlackRock, Inc. fees of $8,130,594 for investment management services and to license a risk management analytics tool.
Brookfield Asset Management Reinsurance Partners Ltd. has publicly disclosed a greater than 5% beneficial interest in our common stock. Mr. Shah is an employee or officer of one or more of it and its affiliates (together, Brookfield). We have reinsurance and investment management arrangements with Brookfield. We received $4,231,057,388 in asset management fees and ceding commissions in exchange for premiums ceded net of benefits paid from Brookfield in 2021. In addition, in accordance with the terms of an agreement established in October, 2020, Brookfield purchased 6,775,000 shares of our common stock at $37.33 per share, for a total price of $252,910,750.

Director Compensation
We paid the following 2021 compensation to our non-employee directors:
NameFees Earned or
Paid in Cash
($)
Stock Awards
($)
Total
($)
Joyce A. Chapman96,00096,007192,007
Brenda J. Cushing120,50096,007216,507
James M. Gerlach86,00096,007182,007
Douglas T. Healy90,00096,007186,007
Robert L. Howe99,25096,007195,257
Michelle M. Keeley90,50096,007186,507
William R. Kunkel92,00096,007188,007
Alan D. Matula93,75096,007189,757
David S. Mulcahy194,00096,007290,007
Gerard D. Neugent85,00096,007181,007
John M. Matovina (1)
95,50096,007191,507
Sachin Shah (2)
80,00096,007176,007
A.J. Strickland, III97,25096,007193,257
(1)Mr. Matovina served for a portion of 2021.
(2)Mr. Shah has assigned his compensation to Brookfield.
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2022 Proxy Statement
Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meet the applicable standard.

TheExecutive Committee performs the following functions, among others: (i) except as prohibited by applicable law, exercises, between meetings of our Board of Directors, all of the powers and authority ofuses the Board of Directors; (ii) reviews corporate matters presented, orDirector’s independent compensation consultant, Pearl Meyer, for non-employee director compensation data and advice. Pearl Meyer provided a report in May 2021 to be presented,the (then-named) Compensation Committee, which determined director compensation at the time. The report recommended increases in non-employee director compensation (which had been targeted at the 25th percentile of our peer group in recent years) based on Pearl Meyer's evaluation of peer group compensation practices and data.

We pay each non-employee director:
a $20,000 per quarter cash retainer; and
an annual restricted stock grant with a value of approximately $96,000. In the table above, we report each restricted stock award at the $31.78 Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (ASC 718) grant date fair value (Grant Date Fair Value). For further information, please see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report for 2021 on Form 10-K (our 2021 10-K). On June 10, 2021, we granted each director in the table above 3,021 shares of restricted stock. Ms. Keeley resigned from our board in 2022 and forfeited her award; all other shares remained outstanding as of year-end 2021 and are scheduled to vest on June 10, 2022.
We pay our independent Chairman an additional $30,000 fee per quarter.
Committee chairs and members earn (or earned) the following additional quarterly fees prorated for service for a portion of a quarter):
Chair
($)
Other Members
($)
Current Committees:
Audit and Risk10,5003,000
Compensation and Talent Management3,7501,500
Investment3,0001,000
Nominating and Corporate Governance3,0001,000
Predecessor and Eliminated Committees:
Audit10,5003,000
Compensation3,7501,500
Innovation and Technology2,250750
Risk3,0001,000

We did not grant any non-employee directors any stock options in 2021. As of year-end 2021, Ms. Chapman, Mr. Howe, and Mr. Neugent each held 14,000 exercisable stock options as a result of awards we granted our non-employee directors in earlier years.

Selection of Director Nominees
In selecting nominees for election to our Board, of Directors; and (iii) makes recommendations to the Board of Directors on policy matters.

TheInvestment Committee performs the following functions, among others: (i) oversees our general investment strategies, objectives, standards and limitations; (ii) oversees our use of derivatives and general hedging strategy; and (iii) reviews and monitors investment performance. The Investment Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board of Directors.

TheRisk Committee performs the following functions, among others: oversight of the Company's (i) risk management governance structure; (ii) risk management taxonomy and risk assessment guidelines for risks that could have a material impact on the Company; and (iii) risk tolerance. The Risk Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board of Directors.

TheInnovation and Technology Committee reviews, evaluates and makes recommendations concerning the Company's innovation and technology strategy and capabilities in light of the Company's long-term business strategy and goals.

Information Regarding the Company's Process for Identifying Director Nominees

The Company is committed to having a Board of Directors comprised of individuals who are accomplished in their fields, have the ability to make meaningful contributions to the Board of Directors' oversight of the business and affairs of the Company and have an impeccable record and reputation for honest and ethical conduct. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will consider candidates recommended by shareholders. In considering candidates submitted by shareholders, the Nominatinga candidate's background and Corporate Governance Committee will take into consideration the needsqualifications, including experience, skills, expertise, diversity, integrity, character, business judgment, time availability in light of the Boardother commitments, dedication, conflicts of Directors and the qualifications of the candidate. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may also take into consideration the number of shares held by the recommending shareholder and the length of time the shares have been held.

To have a candidate considered by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, a shareholder must submit the recommendation in writing and in accordance with the requirements of our Amended and Restated Bylaws.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may apply several criteria in identifying nominees. At a minimum, the committee shall consider (i) whether each such nominee hasinterest, demonstrated by significant accomplishment in his or her field, an ability to make a meaningful contribution to the Board of Directors'Board's oversight, of our business and affairs and (ii) the nominee's reputation for honesty and ethical conduct in his or her personal and professional activities. Additional factorsconduct. The committee may also consider a candidate's judgment, knowledge useful to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may consider include a candidate'soversight of the business, specific experiences and skills, relevant industry background and knowledge, time availability in light of other commitments, age, potential conflicts of interest, material relationships with us, and independence from us and our management. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committeecommittee may also seeks to have the Board of Directors representseek a diversity of skills, backgrounds, ethnicity, experience, and experience.

expertise.

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Table of Contents

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

The Board of Directors has affirmatively determined Ms. Chapman, Ms. Cushing and Dr. Strickland are independent underA shareholder may recommend a director candidate in writing in accordance with the requirements of SOXour Amended and Restated Bylaws. In the NYSE Rules and do not have any relationships requiring disclosure under Item 404case of Regulation S-K. None of the Company's Compensation Committee members has ever been an officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, and during our last fiscal year, none of our executive officers served on the compensation committee or board of directors of any company that had one or more executive officers who served on our Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee.

Director Stock Ownership Guidelines

On February 28, 2020, the Board of Directors adopted Stock Ownership Guidelines (the "Ownership Guidelines") requiring the directors to own Common Stock equal in value to three times the director's annual cash retainer. Directors have seven years from the later of: (i) the date of adoption of the Ownership Guidelines; and (ii) the date of the director's appointmenta candidate a shareholder recommends to the Board of Directors to obtaincommittee, the required Common Stock ownership. Directors are required to retain 100% ofcommittee may also consider the net after-tax shares acquired from the vesting, settlement or exercise of equity awards until they meet the stock ownership level. Common stock ownership levels are measured annually on December 31 and shares will be valued at the highest per share price over the prior 12-month period. Once a director meets the applicable stock ownership level, no further investment in Common Stock is required to compensate for a subsequent decline in the market value of those shares or a change in director annual cash retainer. All non-employee directors have met the requirements of the Ownership Guidelines.

Director Compensation

The Compensation Committee uses the Board of Director's independent compensation consultant, Pearl Meyer, to provide advice and data with respect to non-employee director compensation, including retainers and equity awards. Pearl Meyer last provided a report in May 2018 which included recommendations for increases in non-employee director compensation based on an evaluation of the compensation practices and data from the same peer group companies used to evaluate executive compensation. Non-employee director compensation is intended to approximate the 25th percentile of the peer group. Non-employee director compensation for 2019 was unchanged from the non-employee director compensation implemented in June and July 2018.

Directors who are our employees receive no compensation for their service as directors. Each memberneeds of the Board, the number of Directors who is not an employee ofshares the Company receivesshareholder owns and how long the following:

$18,000 per quarter as the cash retainer

$1,500 per meeting for attending meetings of the Board of Directors, $1,000 per meeting if attended by phone and the meeting is otherwise an in-person meeting or $500 per meeting for telephonic meetings, plus reimbursement of expenses for attending such meetings

An annual restricted stock grant with a grant date value of approximately $96,000

The Lead Independent Director receives an additional $5,000 per quarter.

The Chairs of our committees receive the following, all amounts per quarter:

Audit Committee—$10,500

Compensation Committee—$3,750

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee—$2,250

Risk Committee—$2,250

Innovation and Technology Committee—$2,250

Non-Chair members of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, the Risk Committee and the Innovation and Technology Committee receive an additional $3,000, $1,500, $750, $750 and $750 per quarter, respectively. Non-employee members of the Investment Committee and the Executive Committee receive an additional $750 per quarter.

The following table provides compensation information for the last completed fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 for each member of the Board of Directors who served as a director for any part of such fiscal year and who

shareholder has owned them.

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Table of Contents

was not an employee of the Company. Compensation for Mr. Matovina, who was an employee director in 2019, is fully reflected in the Summary Compensation Table of this proxy statement:


Name
Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
($)

Stock Awards
($)(1)

All Other
Compensation
($)(2)

Total
($)

Joyce A. Chapman

100,50096,384960197,844

Alexander M. Clark(3)

41,50041,500

Brenda J. Cushing

102,00096,384960199,344

James M. Gerlach

91,00096,384960188,344

Robert L. Howe

120,50096,384960217,844

William R. Kunkel

94,00096,384960191,344

Alan D. Matula

93,00096,384960190,344

David S. Mulcahy

130,00096,384793,1481,019,532

Gerard D. Neugent

89,00096,384960186,344

Debra J. Richardson(4)

85,00096,384960182,344

A. J. Strickland, III

100,50096,384960197,844
(1)
Amounts reflect for each restricted stock award, the aggregate grant date fair value pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 718. For further information, please see Footnote 11 Retirement and Share-Based Compensation Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. On June 6, 2019, each non-employee director nominee or non-employee director continuing to serve, was granted 3,200 shares of time-based restricted stock, all of which remain outstanding as of December 31, 2019. The per share fair value at the grant date was $30.12. The vesting period for the restricted stock is the earlier of (a) one year from the grant date or (b) the date of the next annual meeting. There was no other unvested restricted stock held by the non-employee directors as of December 31, 2019.

(2)
Amounts reflect dividends paid on unvested restricted stock awards. For Mr. Mulcahy, amount also reflects the value of a distribution of 28,125 shares of common stock and related dividends under a non-qualified deferred compensation arrangement pursuant to which he received shares on a deferred payment basis for services rendered during our initial start-up period.

(3)
Mr. Clark did not stand for reelection at the 2019 Annual Meeting.

(4)
Ms. Richardson, who currently serves as a Class II Director, will not stand for reelection at the 2020 Annual Meeting.

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20202022 Proxy Statement

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Table of Contents

The following table provides information about outstanding shares of unvested restricted stock and unexercised stock options to acquire our Common Stock held by each member of the Board of Directors who is not an employee of the Company as of December 31, 2019. There were no unexercisable options held by a non-employee director as of such date.

Name
Number of Shares of
Unvested Restricted
Stock (#)

Number of Shares
Underlying Unexercised
Options (#)

Joyce A. Chapman

3,20039,000

Brenda J. Cushing

3,200

James M. Gerlach

3,200

Robert L. Howe

3,20036,500

William R. Kunkel

3,200

Alan D. Matula

3,200

David S. Mulcahy

3,200��

Gerard D. Neugent

3,20029,000

Debra J. Richardson

3,20027,750

A. J. Strickland, III

3,20039,500

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Table of Contents

Proposal 2—2
Ratification of Appointment
of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm

The

Our Audit and Risk Committee has appointed KPMGErnst & Young LLP (EY) our independent registered public accounting firm for 2022. We ask the shareholders to ratify this appointment. If the shareholders do not ratify the appointment, our Audit and Risk Committee will review the appointment taking into account the vote results. We expect EY representatives to attend our annual shareholder meeting, have the opportunity to make a statement if they wish, and be available to respond to appropriate questions.

Auditor Services and Fees
We incurred the following fees to our independent registered public accounting firms:
2021 (1)2020 (1)
Audit fees (2)
$2,842,708 $2,271,483 
Audit-related fees (3)
— 238,545 
Tax fees (4)
32,789 
All other fees (5)
— 3,560 
Total$2,875,497 $2,513,588 
(1)EY served as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2020. The Board of Directors requests that the shareholders ratify the appointment of KPMG. If the appointment of2021. KPMG is not ratified by shareholders, our Audit Committee may investigate the reasons and consider approving another independent registered public accounting firm.

LLP (KPMG fees during the last two fiscal years were:

) served for 2020.
 
2019
2018

Audit fees(1)

$2,558,817$1,995,511

Audit-related fees(2)

291,86589,375

Tax fees

All other fees(3)

1,780

Total

$2,852,462$2,084,886
(1)
(2)Audit fees include fees associated with the annual consolidated financial statements audit, audit of internal control over financial reporting, the reviews of our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, annual audits of certain of our subsidiaries and audits required by regulatory authorities.

(2)
(3)Audit-related fees primarily include comfort letters and consents related to debt and equity offerings and registration statements.

(3)
(4)Tax fees include fees associated with consultation and advice related to compliance with tax related regulations, including tax sharing agreements, tax basis policyholder reserves, partnership tax basis differences and proposals around U.S. tax reform.
(5)All other fees consist of fees for access to KPMG's Accounting Research Website.accounting research website.

Our Audit and Risk Committee appoints, evaluates, compensates, retains, and oversees EY's work.
The Audit andRisk Committee is responsible foror its chair must preapprove any service EY proposes to provide to us, and may do so only if it concludes the appointment, retention, compensationservices and oversight of the independent registered public accounting firm. Thefees are consistent with EY's continuing independence. Our Audit and Risk Committee has adopted policiesgeneral preapproval of categories of audit, audit-related, tax, and procedures for pre-approving services (audit and non-audit) and all other services and fees up to individual engagement and annual aggregate maximums. Audit and Risk Committee policy requires specific preapproval of all other services and fees.
Each quarter, the Audit and Risk Committee reviews detailed descriptions of each generally preapproved service, each service for which management seeks specific preapproval, and an estimate of fees for each service. The committee chair may preapprove services performed byand fees for needs that arise between regularly scheduled committee meetings. The Audit and Risk Committee does not delegate its responsibilities to preapprove services to management.
All of the independent registered public accounting firm. These policies2021 services and fees were adopted in compliancepreapproved consistent with SOX and rules adopted by the SEC thereunder. In accordance with such policies and procedures, the Audit Committee is required to pre-approve the audit and non-audit services performed by theabove.
We ended KPMG's engagement as our independent registered public accounting firm in order to assure thaton November 16, 2020 and selected EY as the provision of such services does not impair the auditors' independence. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services. Permissible non-audit services are usually limited to fees for accounting assistance or audits in connection with acquisitions and other services specifically related to accounting or audit matters such as comfort letters related to equity or debt offerings, audits of employee benefit plans and tax services. Unless a type of service to be provided by thesubsequent independent registered public accounting firm has received general pre-approval, it will require specific pre-approval by theon November 16, 2020. Our Audit Committee. The Auditand Risk Committee has delegated to the Chairmanapproved this change. We had no disagreements with KPMG on any matter of accounting
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2022 Proxy Statement
principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, for either of the Audit Committee specific pre-approval authority provided the estimated feepast two years or otherwise. None of KPMG's reports on our financial statements for any such engagement does not exceed $25,000. The Chairmaneither of the Audit Committee must report, for information purposes only, any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting. Requests to provide services that require separate approval by the Audit Committee will be submitted to the Audit Committee by both the independent registered public accounting firm and our Chief Financial Officer and must includepast two years or otherwise contained an adverse opinion or a joint statementdisclaimer of opinion, or was qualified or modified as to whether, in their view, the requestuncertainty, audit scope, or application is consistent with the SEC's rules on auditor independence. In fiscal year 2019, all of the servicesaccounting principles.
Our Audit and fees described above were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.

We anticipate that representatives of KPMG will be present at the Annual Meeting, will be available to respond to questions concerning the 2019 audit and are permitted to make a statement if they so desire.

If a quorum exists, action on this proposal will be approved if the votes cast favoring the proposal exceed the votes cast opposing the proposal.

The Board of Directors unanimously recommendsRisk Committee directors recommend you vote FOR the ratification of the appointment of KPMGEY as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2020.2022.


Audit and Risk Committee Report

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2020 Proxy Statement

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The Audit and Risk Committee oversees:


Table of Contents

Audit Committee Disclosures

The responsibilities of the Audit Committee, which are set forth in the Audit Committee charter adopted by the Board of Directors, include providing oversight of the Company's financial reporting process on behalf of the Board of Directors. Management is responsible for the Company's financial reporting process, the preparation, presentation and integrity of the Company's financial statements;

the Company's compliance with legal and regulatory requirements pertaining to financial statements and annual audit process;
the systems of internal control, including disclosure controlsCompany's independent auditors' qualifications and proceduresindependence, and performance;
the Company's independent auditors and internal control over financial reporting. The Company's independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for performing an independent audit function; and
many aspects of the Company's risk management.
EY audits the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and issuingissues an opinion on the fair presentation of those consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"policies (GAAP), as well as issuing. EY also issues an opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. The Audit and Risk Committee is responsible for monitoringappoints, evaluates, compensates, retains and overseeing the conduct of these activities, appointing the Company's independent registered public accounting firmoversees EY's work and for supervising the relationship between the Company and the independent registered public accounting firm. In fulfilling its oversight responsibilities, the Audit Committee meets regularly with managementEY and the independent registered public accounting firm,management, both jointly and separately.

The Audit and Risk Committee reviewed and discussed the Company'sCompany’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 20192021 with management and KPMG, the Company's independent registered public accounting firm.EY. The Audit Committeecommittee also reviewed Management'sManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and KPMG'sEY’s Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm included in the Company'sCompany’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 20192021 filed with the SEC.

The Audit Committeecommittee discussed with KPMGEY the matters required to be communicated to the Audit Committeeit by applicable Public Company Accounting Oversight BoardPCAOB standards. The Audit Committeecommittee received the written disclosures and letter from KPMGEY required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight BoardPCAOB regarding the independent registered public accounting firm'sfirm’s communications with the Audit Committeecommittee concerning independence, and has discussed EY's independence with KPMG its independence. KPMGit. EY confirmed in its letter that it is independent of the Company under all relevant professional and regulatory standards.

Based on the review and discussions with management and KPMGEY referred to above, the Audit and Risk Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the Company'sCompany’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 20192021 be included in the Company'sCompany’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 20192021 filed with the SEC.

As specified in the

Respectfully submitted,
Audit Committee charter, the Audit Committee is not responsible for preparing or certifying financial statements, for planning or conducting audits or for determining that the Company's financial statements are complete and accurate and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Such matters are the responsibility of management, and where applicable, the independent registered public accounting firm. In giving its recommendation to the Board of Directors, the AuditRisk Committee has relied on (i) management's representation that such consolidated financial statements have been prepared with integrity and objectivity and in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and (ii) the report of KPMG with respect to such consolidated financial statements.

AUDIT COMMITTEE

David S, Mulcahy, Chair

Brenda J. Cushing,
Chair
Douglas T. Healy
Robert L. Howe

Alan D. Matula

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2020 Proxy Statement

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Table of Contents

Executive Officers and Compensation

Executive Officers

Executive officers of the Company do not have fixed terms and serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, our executive officers are:

John M. Matovina (age 65) served as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company since 2012 until he resigned from those positions on March 1, 2020 and January 27, 2020, respectively. He has served as Chairman of the Company since April 2017 and is currently serving as non-executive Chairman following his termination of employment with the Company. He served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company from 2009 until 2012 and as the Company's Vice Chairman from 2003 until April 2017. Mr. Matovina is a certified public accountant and has more than 30 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Ted M. Johnson (age 50) has served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company since 2012. He served as Vice President-Controller of the Company from 2001 to 2012. Mr. Johnson is a certified public accountant and has over 25 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Ronald J. Grensteiner (age 57) has served as President of American Equity Investment Life Insurance Company, the Company's primary wholly-owned life insurance subsidiary ("American Equity Life"), since 2009 and is an Executive Vice President of the Company. He has more than 25 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen (age 54) has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer since June 2015 and served as Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer since 2009. Mr. Lorenzen has more than 20 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Renee D. Montz (age 48) has served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel since April 2016 and as Corporate Secretary since July 2016. She previously served as Vice President and Deputy General Counsel since June 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Montz served in various roles at AEGON Asset Management, a global asset management company, from 2004 to 2014, including as General Counsel, AEGON USA Investment Management, LLC from January 2012 to June 2014. She has over 20 years of legal experience and 15 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Jennifer L. Bryant (age 48) has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resource Officer of American Equity Life since June 2017 and was Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resource Officer from October 2016 to June 2017. From May 2013 to October 2016, Ms. Bryant was Senior Vice President, Human Resources of Bankers Trust Company, a banking and financial institution. Ms. Bryant served as Human Resources Business Partner at Aviva USA from December 2008 to May 2013. She has over 20 years of human resources experience.

Scott A. Samuelson (age 47) has served as Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company since June 2017. Prior to that, Mr. Samuelson served as Vice President-Controller of the Company since 2012. Mr. Samuelson is a certified public accountant and has over 20 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

Additionally,Anant Bhalla (age 42) became an executive officer of the Company following the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. Please refer to Proposal 1—Election of Directors—Class I Director Nominated for a Term that Expires at the 2022 Annual Meeting for Mr. Bhalla's biographical information.

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Table of Contents

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

The Compensation Discussion and Analysis describes the Company's compensation objectives and philosophy and our 2019 compensation program. It also reviews the outcomes, including the Company's financial performance in 2019. Our named executive officers in 2019 were:

Name:
Title:
John M. Matovina
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Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
Ted M. JohnsonChief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Ronald J. GrensteinerPresident, American Equity Life and Executive Vice President
Jeffrey D. LorenzenExecutive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
Renee D. MontzExecutive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
2022 Proxy Statement

Proposal 3
Advisory Vote
on Executive Compensation
2019In accordance with Section 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), we recommend shareholders approve the the following resolution:
"RESOLVED, the shareholders of American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Performanceapprove, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the named executive officers as disclosed pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Security and Exchange Commission, including the Compensation Highlights

We delivered strong financial performance in 2019 despite the continuation of a challenging sales environment. We continued to grow our policyholder funds under management, which increased 4.3% to $53.2 billion at the end of 2019. We delivered net income of $246 million, or $2.68 per common share-assuming dilution. Our net income was negatively impacted by revisions of assumptions used to determine deferred sales inducements, deferred policy acquisition costsDiscussion and reserves held for lifetime income benefit ridersAnalysis, compensation tables, and by decreasesnarrative discussion in the discount rates usedcompany’s 2022 Proxy Statement."

The Compensation and Talent Management Committee will take the outcome of the vote into account when considering future compensation arrangements, including those for the executive officers. Because the vote is advisory, the result will not be binding on the Compensation and Talent Management Committee and it will not affect, limit, or augment any existing compensation or awards.
We expect to computehold the embedded derivative liability related tonext such vote at our fixed index annuities.

At our 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,2023 annual meeting, as we currently provide our shareholders cast an advisorywith the opportunity to vote (a "say-on-pay" vote) to approveon the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in our proxy statement. Shareholders approved the say-on-pay proposal by an affirmativeat each annual meeting.


Our Compensation and Talent Management Committee directors recommend you vote of 75.5% of the shares cast on thatFOR this proposal. Prior to 2019, the affirmative vote for the say-on-pay proposal ranged from 94.1%-96.9% of the shares cast on that proposal. The Compensation Committee is unaware of any shareholder concerns with respect to the Company's executive compensation as no shareholders have contacted the Company or the Compensation Committee and the Company's executive compensation is not excessive. The Compensation Committee did note that a proxy advisory firm had issued a new voting recommendation report in 2019 to certain clients in which the firm recommended the clients vote against the Company's say-on-pay proposal due to certain elements of the Company's executive compensation program. The Company has modified several of its executive compensation practices which are responsive to the concerns identified in the proxy advisory firm's voting recommendation. Specifically, the Company no longer has any compensation agreements with excise tax gross-up provisions and the Company has added the following risk-mitigating features to its executive compensation program: stock ownership guidelines, post-vesting stock holding period requirements and a robust clawback policy.

The Compensation Committee reviewed the executive compensation program and made the following changes: (i) increased the target equity awards for Mr. Matovina from 150% to 225% of his base salary on the grant date; (ii) increased the target equity awards for the other named executive officers from 105% to 135% of base salary on the grant date; and (iii) changed the form of time-based equity awards from shares of restricted stock to restricted stock units ("RSUs"). 100% of Mr. Matovina's increase was performance-based RSUs. The increases to the other named executive officers were split between performance-based RSUs (80%) and time-based RSUs (20%).

Based on our 2019 annual performance achievements, 2019 performance incentive cash payouts for our named executive officers were 167% of their target amounts. Based on our three-year performance achievements, our named executive officers earned 136% of the target number of performance-based RSUs awarded to them for the 2017-2019 three-year performance period.

2020 Appointment of CEO & President

Anant Bhalla joined the Company as an executive officer in January 2020. Mr. Bhalla's compensation arrangement with the Company takes effect in 2020 and includes an annual base salary of $850,000 and participation in the Short-Term Plan and the Company's long-term equity incentive compensation program as described in "Compensation Decisions Relating to 2020 Compensation." Mr. Bhalla was granted (i) an option to purchase 50,000 shares of Common Stock, which has a five-year vesting period and (ii) 18,727 RSUs with an aggregate value of $500,000 with 50% of the grant subject to a one-year vesting period and the remaining 50% subject to a two-year vesting period.

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Executive Officers

NameAgePosition with the Company and Business Experience
Anant Bhalla*44
Our President (January 27, 2020 – Present), and our Chief Executive Officer (March 1, 2020 – Present)
Partner of Bhalla Capital Partners, a private capital and asset management firm (March 2019 - January 2020)
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Brighthouse Financial, a life insurance company (2016 – 2019)
Chief Financial Officer of Retail Business for MetLife, an insurance and financial services company (2014 – 2016)
Prior to MetLife, Mr. Bhalla served in numerous senior roles including Chief Risk Officer, Treasurer and other management roles at Fortune 500 companies, including American International Group (AIG), Lincoln National Corporation, and Ameriprise Financial, each an insurance and financial services company.
Mr. Bhalla has over 20 years of experience in the life insurance industry.

16Axel André*

46

Our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (September 7, 2021 – Present)
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Jackson National, an insurance and financial services company (February 2020 – February 2021)
Previously Mr. André spent nearly 7 years at AIG.
Mr. André joined AIG initially as Chief Risk Officer for Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, and Institutional Markets. He was promoted to Chief Financial Officer of Individual Retirement at AIG, where he was responsible for overseeing all aspects of the finance and actuarial value chain for the Individual Retirement business, including asset-liability management, hedging, reporting and capital management. Prior to his time at AIG, Mr. André served as a Managing Director on the Global Insurance Strategies team at Goldman Sachs, a financial services firm.
Ronald J. Grensteiner*59
President of American Equity Investment Life Insurance Company, our primary wholly-owned life insurance subsidiary (AE Life Insurance) (2009 – Present)
Our Executive Vice President (June 2011 – Present)
Mr. Grensteiner has more than 35 years of experience in the life insurance industry.
James L. Hamalainen*57
Our Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer, Insurance (January 2021 – Present)
AE Life Insurance Chief Client Solutions Officer (July 2020 – Present)
Executive Vice President, Chief Risk Officer of Brighthouse Financial (December 2016 - May 2020)
Senior Vice President, Treasury and Investment Management at Ameriprise Financial (September 1991 - May 2016)
Mr. Hamalainen has over 25 years of experience in financial services.
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen*
56
Our Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer (January 2021 – Present), Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (June 2015 – January 2021), and Senior Vice President and Chief Investment officer (2009 - June 2015)
Mr. Lorenzen has more than 30 years of experience in the life insurance industry.
Dewayne Lummus52
Our Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (November 30, 2021 – Present)
Managing Director and Corporate Controller of Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company (November 2019 – November 2021)
Chief Financial Officer, Retail Financial Products at Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (TIAA) (2015-2019)
Before 2015, Mr. Lummus was the deputy controller at TIAA and, prior to that, held various financial accounting and reporting positions with Voya (formerly ING), an insurance and financial services company.
Phyllis Zanghi49
Our Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary (April 1, 2021 – Present), Senior Vice President and General Counsel, U.S. Life Companies (October 2020 – Present), and Executive Officer (following the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020)
Head of Tax and Associate General Counsel of Brighthouse Financial (August 2017 - October 2020)
Various positions including Senior Vice President of Tax and ERISA of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (September 1998 - August 2017)
Ms. Zanghi has over 20 years of experience as a legal advisor in the life insurance industry.
Each executive's term of office with us ends no later than our Board meeting immediately following the Annual Shareholder Meeting.
*Named executive officers. Asrequired by SEC rules, our former executives Ted M. Johnson and Tolga Uzuner are also named executive officers.
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Compensation and Talent Management Committee Report
This report is furnished by the Company's Compensation and Talent Management Committee. The committee has reviewed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A) in the Company’s 2022 proxy Statement and discussed it with management. Based on such review and discussion, the committee approved the CD&A and recommended that it be included in the 2022 proxy statement.


TableNo portion of Contents

Mr. Bhalla also enteredthis report shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into a changeany filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), through any general statement incorporating by reference in control agreement withits entirety the proxy statement in which this report appears, except to the extent that the Company pursuant to the same form of change in control agreement that exists with the named executive officers other than Mr. Matovina and is described under "Potential Payments Upon Terminationspecifically incorporates this report or a Change in Control." Ifportion of it by reference. In addition, this report shall not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" under either the Company terminates Mr. Bhalla's employment other than for CauseSecurities Act or due to death or disability,the Exchange Act.

Respectfully submitted,
Compensation and subject to his executionTalent Management Committee

A. J. Strickland, III, Chair
Joyce A. Chapman
Brenda J. Cushing
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Compensation Discussion and non-revocation of a release of claims, heAnalysis

1.What is entitled to a lump sum severance payment consisting of (i) twenty-four months of his base salary and (ii) his target bonus opportunity under the Short-Term Plan for the year in which his employment terminates.

Compensation Philosophy and Overviewour compensation philosophy?

Our

We design our compensation policies and programs are designed to:

attract and retain highly qualified and motivatedhigh-performing executive officers and employees;


encouragemotivate and reward achievement of our annual and long-term goals;goals in pursuit of our business strategies; and


align executive officers and employees interests with shareholders through stock-based compensation and stock ownership.

ownership requirements.

Elements.
2.    The primary elementsWhat are our compensation practices?
We have a pay-for-performance culture. We determine our executives' compensation awards and payouts by our corporate and individual performance against financial and other goals aligned with our business strategies.
We base most of compensationour executives' incentive awards on the value of our common stock.
We require our executives to continue in service over the course of years to receive long-term incentive payments.
We require our executives to own stock at amounts determined by their management level; they may not sell most of the net shares we have paid them until they do so.
We have a repayment policy that provides for the namedclawback of executive officers for 2019 include: base pay; annual cash incentive compensation underoverpayment when we have restated our Short-Term Performance Incentive Plan (the "Short-Term Plan");financial statements due to wrongdoing.
☒    We do not provide incentives for our employees to take excessive risk; we use multi-year performance to determine long-term incentive payouts, and long-term equity incentive compensation through performance-based RSUswe have limits for payouts above maximum levels of returns.
☒    We do not allow employees to pledge, hedge, or borrow against our common stock.
☒    We do not provide defined benefit pension benefits or any supplemental executive retirement plan.
☒    We do not reprice or exchange underwater stock options, and time-based RSUs granted undermay not do so without shareholder approval.
☒    We do not provide for any excise tax payment or tax gross-up for change-in-control related payments or provide tax gross-up for any perquisites or in-kind benefits.
☒    We do not offer our 2016 Employee Incentive Plan (the "2016 Employee Incentive Plan").executives excessive perquisites.


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Element
Description
Purpose
Base Salary
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Fixed level of annual cash compensation and basis for target incentive compensation awardsCompensate for job duties based on skill, tenure and market information
Annual IncentiveTargeted variable/at-risk compensation expressed as a percentage of base salaryFocus executives on annual corporate goals through performance-based pay
Long-Term IncentiveVariable/at-risk equity compensation in the form of RSUs based on three-year performance, and time-based RSUsAlign executives' interests with shareholder interests and long-term results and promote retention
2022 Proxy Statement

Program Highlights / Best Practices3.

What are the elements of our executives' compensation, and why?
PayWe use base salary as a fixed form of compensation, and determine it using scope of responsibilities, individual performance and experience, and competitive data. We consider competitive data, each executive’s performance, length of service in the position and experience in determining base salaries. We increased Mr. Hamalainen's salary rate by 10%, effective January 1, 2022. We did not increase any of the other named executive officers' salary rates at that time.
We use our American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Short-Term Incentive Plan (STIP) to motivate and reward performance relative to American Equity and individual goals during the performance year that contribute to our long-term strategic success. We pay STIP awards in cash.
We use long-term incentives to reward executives for performance philosophy demonstrated through significant compensation opportunityenduring success against key financial measures over time. We also use them to encourage executives to remain with us, as each vests only over the course of years. We pay most long-term incentives in shares of our common stock, which further directly aligns executives' interests with our shareholders.
We use severance pay and related benefits to obtain a release of claims and smoother talent transitions.
We use change-in-control benefits to retain key executives during potential corporate transactions and promote their focus on maximizing shareholder value during and after such a transaction.
We provide executives with limited perquisites, principally in the form of transportation that maximizes their availability to provide services to us and to lead our business, or in the form of benefits to facilitate their relocation to our Des Moines, Iowa area headquarters.
We use a broad-based 401(k) program to provide all of our eligible employees with an opportunity to save a portion of current compensation for retirement and other future needs and incent such savings with a company matching contribution. We also use a broad-based employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) to provide all of our eligible employees a stake in our common stock. All employees are eligible for health, dental, long-term disability, and life insurance in order to help them manage these risks for themselves and their families, and in order for us to compete for talent with other employers offering such benefits.

4.What mix of compensation elements do we use, and why?
We use a mix of compensation for executives in order to promote a balance of retention, reward, and alignment. We allocated the overwhelming majority of our compensation for active named executive officers related to 2021 performance and service to incentive compensation rather than fixed pay. See the Executive Compensation section of "American Equity At-a-Glance," incorporated by reference into this CD&A, for an illustration.
The value of the overwhelming majority of 2022 long-term incentive opportunities are subject to achievement of performance goals. A like overwhelming majority of these opportunities are stock-based. See the Executive Compensation section of the "American Equity At-a-Glance," incorporated by reference into this CD&A, for an illustration.
We do not determine our 401(k) or ESOP benefits in relation to any of these compensation elements. Nor does compensation we granted for prior periods generally influence our decisions on new grants.

5.What were our key executive compensation measures for 2021, and why?
We set 2021 goals for:
annuity deposits because we emphasize the quality of new business originated. Our strategy emphasizes our fixed index annuity business, and this goal helped strengthen that focus;
operating income per share, which excludes items that fluctuate unrelated to our core operational performance, such as the impact of fair value accounting for our fixed index annuity business that are not economic in nature but rather impact the timing of reported results, in order to emphasize profitable growth and to strengthen alignment with our shareholders (we also excluded index credits to reduce market-driven volatility unconnected from management decisions and efforts and notable items in order to better reflect our ongoing, underlying earnings potential, to provide an appropriate incentive for management actions and performance without factors that could exaggerate or reduce results for unrelated reasons, and to better align with investor expectations);
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2022 Proxy Statement
investment spreads, which motivates senior leaders to manage the cost of money through rate setting on the one hand, and to manage book yield through investment activities on the other hand; and
individual goals that allow us to incent management behaviors particular to each executive that contribute to our overall performance.

6.What was our performance in 2021 against key compensation measures, and how did it produce performance factors for 2021 performance-based compensation payouts?
As we illustrate in American Equity At-a-Glance (incorporated in this CD&A by this reference), our overall performance was strong.
Our annuity deposits were $5.97 billion. We delivered operating income available to common stockholders, excluding index credits, of $2.62 billion and investment spread of $1.186 billion.
We produced this strong performance by, among other things, increasing fixed income annuity sales, investment portfolio private assets, and reinsurance. See the Executive Compensation section of American Equity At-a-Glance, incorporated by reference into this CD&A, for more details on our 2021 performance.
The three financial metrics above accounted for 70% of each executive's STIP opportunity. The remaining 30% was based on personal objectives, as summarized below:
Executive OfficerKey Individual Performance ResultsResulting Individual Performance Factor
Anant Bhalla
Closed critical reinsurance transaction with Brookfield’s Cayman-based reinsurer with reserves split across in–force and new business. Set up captive insurance company in Vermont and closed reinsurance transaction with Hannover related to restructuring of legacy redundant reserve financing.
Demonstrated ability to operate and execute in multiple regulatory jurisdictions (Iowa, Vermont, Bermuda, Cayman).
In excess of $3.4 billion of 2021 sourced private assets on balance sheet, generated above maximum revenue goal while de-risking the portfolio in aggregate at the same time.
AEL CARES program implemented, providing a greater emphasis on donating to Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Initiatives.
Hired a new Chief Financial Officer and Chief Legal Officer and oversaw successful talent transitions for the Chief Investment Officer and Chief Risk Officer.
200% of target
Axel André
Fast assimilation into the role and organization as a leader with fast transition from CEO / Interim-CFO.
Quickly assessed talent and made necessary talent decisions (e.g. Treasurer change, Chief Accounting Officer hire, Financial Planning & Analysis change).
Built out internal controls capability.
133.3% of target
James L. Hamalainen
Launched three new competitive products that generated over $800 million in sales.
Executed a significant outsourcing project by taking on a $45 billion migration of assets from an internal team to Blackrock, in a seamless manner and putting more than $4 billion of cash to work with Blackrock.
In excess of $3.4 billion of 2021 sourced private assets on balance sheet, generated above maximum revenue goal while de-risking the portfolio in aggregate at the same time.
183.3% of target
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen
$358M single family rental established with block trade + $1 billion Anchor loan block trade against a $500 million target.
Bermuda reinsurance entity fully executed and three capital efficient structured asset classes models developed and structure stress-tested.
133.3% of target
Ronald J. Grensteiner
Focused on quality of sales.
Added 165 new Million Dollar Producers.
100.0% of target
Because we exceeded our annual performance targets, and in light of their individual performance against their own goals, we made our Chief Executive Officer a STIP payout of 179% of his target, and we made payouts to our other active named executive officers of 149%-174% of their respective target amounts.

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7.What compensation measures will we use for 2022-2024 long-term incentives, and why?
We set goals for 2022-2024 Performance Restricted Stock Units (Performance RSUs) for:
observable increased fee revenue or capital release from reinsured liabilities, in order to ensure a focus on this key measure of growth of capital-light recurring fee-based revenues; and
operating return on average equity (excluding all other comprehensive income and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) 133), because our management team's effective use of investors' capital is critically important.
We selected reinsured liabilities to focus our executives on our critical strategy to grow capital-light recurring fee-based revenues. We selected return on equity to focus our executives on profitable and efficient growth and align them with shareholders' interests. We will weigh each metric at 50% of the total opportunity.
We make the same exclusions to produce operating income to calculate return on equity for the same reasons we do so for annual performance. We exclude all other comprehensive income and FAS 133 from stockholders' equity to reduce market-driven volatility unconnected from management decisions and efforts.
We set goals for 2022-2024 Deferred Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan awards for the return on 2022 private asset investments to encourage management to select private asset investments to produce strong medium- and long-term returns.
We expect to disclose our performance against these long-term compensation measures in our first CD&A following the end of the three-year performance period.

8.What is a holistic view of the Committee's compensation decisions related to 2021 performance?
We report this information on a basis different from the Summary Compensation Table, which shows information in the manner required of all companies by SEC rules.
The Compensation and Talent Management Committee valued each element of compensation for each executive, and considered those elements in relation to one another, in February 2022 as follows:
NameSalary
($)
Short-Term Incentive
($)
Long-Term Incentive Opportunity
($)
Total Compensation
($)
Anant Bhalla1,000,000 2,684,702 4,500,000 8,184,702 
Axel André600,000 530,515 1,200,000 2,330,515 
James L. Hamalainen550,000 608,930 990,000 2,148,930 
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen508,000 565,333 635,000 1,708,333 
Ronald J. Grensteiner500,000 670,411 625,000 1,795,411 
We report the salary rate effective early 2022; we increased only Mr. Hamalainen's rate at that time. We report the STIP award for 2021 performance. We prorated Mr. André's award based on time in role in 2021. The long-term incentive amounts:
are the committee's compensation value of long-term incentive opportunities, the dollar amount that the committee divided among initial value of shares under stock-based awards and initial deferred cash award.
are unvested and may never be paid, and are subject to performance goals or stock value, or both.
are not reflected in the Summary Compensation Table for 2021. Rather, the stock-based awards will appear at Grant Date Fair Value in the 2023 proxy statement (for those executives named in that document), and the deferred cash long-term incentives will appear after determined.
The total above is not calculated on the same basis as the "Total" column in the Summary Compensation Table.
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9.What performance factors did we determine and apply for 2019-2021 performance-based long-term incentive compensation payouts?
As we illustrate in American Equity At-a-Glance (incorporated in this CD&A by this reference), our overall performance was, in aggregate, above target.
Our performance for operating return on average equity was between threshold and target, and between target and maximum for average annual book value per share growth, for a total performance factor of 113.98%. (Target performance in both measures would have generated a performance factor of 100%, and at maximum would have generated 150%.) We excluded notable items from operating return on average equity; see the answer to question 5 above. We also excluded accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) from book value per share because it fluctuates unrelated to our core operational performance due to unrealized changes in the fair value of available-for-sale securities, in order to emphasize profitable growth and to strengthen alignment with our shareholders.
As a result, Mr. Grensteiner and Mr. Lorenzen, each earned 113.98% of the shares in their award. As we hired Mr. Bhalla, Mr. André, and Mr. Hamalainen after 2019, we had not granted them any 2019-2021 Performance RSUs.

10.What sign-on and other one-off compensation do we pay, and why?
From time to time, we use sign-on payments and grants to attract the talent we need to reach our business goals. When we use cash payments, we require the executive to repay the full amount unless the executive remains with us for a prescribed term of at least one year. When we use grants of stock-based awards, we require the executive to remain with us for up to three years for the award to fully vest; in many cases, we use stock options, which have no value whatsoever unless our common stock price increases. In so doing, we create a retention incentive and three-year, performance-based RSUs.align the executive's interests with those of shareholders.
Some of our executives received "Special Performance Vesting Stock Option Grants" in early 2021. For information on those grants, see our 2021 Proxy Statement.

11.
What are our arrangements related to severance and change-in-control, and why?
We use severance pay and related benefits to obtain a release of claims and smoother talent transitions. Our severance plan applies only in the case of involuntary termination of employment, which encourages retention. It determines severance pay based on a fixed formula that takes account of the employee's salary rate and either management level or number of years of employment, which rewards lengthier service. Depending on whether the employee has served a sufficient portion of the performance year, severance may also include a pro rata portion of STIP opportunity.
We use change-in-control benefits to retain key executives during potential corporate transactions and promote their focus on maximizing shareholder value during and after such a transaction. Such severance is payable only in connection with the end of an executive's employment following a change in control. In no event is any executive's payment grossed-up on account of any excise or income taxes.

Stock12.What are our stock ownership guidelines, and post-vesting holding requirements.why?
In order to further align our executives' interests with those of our shareholders, we require them to own a meaningful stake in our common stock. Our Chief Executive Officer must own five (5) times base salary rate, and must retain at least 75% of net shares acquired from settlement of stock awards or stock option exercises until meeting that requirement. Other executives must own three (3) times base salary rate and retain at least 50% of such net shares in like circumstances. We include time-based RSUs (
Time RSUs
) and one-third of exercisable stock options among the forms of stock ownership, and measure it annually at year-end using the highest price within the past twelve (12) months.
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As of April 12, 2022, our Chief Executive Officer's ownership, and each of our other active named executive officers' ownership, was above the required ownership level (except for Mr. André, who joined us in 2021).

Prohibitions13.What are our policies on hedging, pledging, and recoupment, and why?
We prohibit our executives from pledging, hedging, or similar arrangements for our common stock that lock in value without the full risks and speculationrewards of stock ownership. We also prohibit them from buying our common stock on margin or borrowing against any account in which they own our securities.

Clawback provisionscommon stock. In so doing, we aim to preserve the shareholder alignment from executive stock ownership.
Our incentive compensation repayment policy applies if we should restate our financial statements due to material non-compliance with any financial reporting requirements under the federal securities laws due to embezzlement, fraud, breach of fiduciary duty, misconduct or gross negligence, and if it includes the restatement of a material incentive performance measure or target. In such a case, we may recalculate any amount of incentive compensation of current or former employees who were executives at the time covered by the restatement, forfeit such unearned amounts, and require reimbursement of such paid amounts. This policy advances our pay for cash and equity performance-basedperformance practices by clawing-back unearned incentive compensation.

14.
What are our stock-based award timing practices?
We do not grant awards to current or new employees in anticipation of the release of non-public information about us or any other company.
We grant our executives annual stock-based awards in late February or early March. In doing so, we divide a compensation dollar value by the grant date closing price of our stock to determine the number of shares underlying the award and any stock option exercise price. We release our fourth quarter and full year financial results by mid-February, giving the market several days' time to digest this information before we make grants.
On the rare occasions when we grant awards in connection with hiring an executive, we do so coincident with the hiring.

15.What are our compensation risk management practices?
Each year, we analyze our compensation practices to ensure they do not provide incentives to take excessive risk. For 2022, we reviewed our corporate incentive compensation, including each of the compensation programs in which our executives participated and compensation specifically for employees who focus on sales origination. For each, we considered factors such as the performance measures, how payments are determined, the length of performance periods, and management controls designed to monitor and mitigate risks. As a result, we concluded that our compensation programs are not reasonably likely to have a materially adverse effect on us. We discussed our review and conclusions with our Compensation and Talent Management Committee.

16.How do we make our compensation decisions?
In preparation for each year's compensation decisions:
No repricingLate in each year, our Chief Executive Officer proposes total STIP and long-term incentive opportunities for each executive for the following fiscal year to our Compensation and Talent Management Committee, based on budget, business conditions, and competitive compensation considerations. The committee, advised by our Chief Executive Officer, and its own independent consultant, considers the proposal and, if it agrees, approves it.
Early each year, our Chief Executive Officer meets with our Chief Financial Officer and others to determine the corporate financial goals for that fiscal year and for the coming three-year period in light of our strategy and other factors, such as business conditions, regulatory conditions, and market conditions, and discusses those goals with our Board. Based on those goals, our Chief Financial Officer proposes the corporate financial goals applicable to each executive for STIP and long-term incentive opportunities for that fiscal year and three-year period to our Compensation and Talent Management Committee. The committee, advised by our Chief
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Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Legal Officer, and its own independent consultant, considers the proposal and, after make any changes it determines, approves it.
Our Chief Executive Officer prepares a draft of his or exchangeher own individual goals for that fiscal year in light of underwater stock options without shareholder approval.

No tax gross-ups uponthe executive's particular role, our change in control.

Limited perquisites for executive officers.

External Market Data.strategy and other factors, such as business conditions, regulatory conditions, and market conditions. The Compensation and Talent Management Committee, advised by our Chief Human Resources Officer and its own independent consultant, considers the proposal and, after making any changes it determines, approves it.

Our Chief Executive Officer also meets with each executive early in each year to set individual goals for that executive for that fiscal year in light of the executive's particular role, our strategy, and other factors such as business conditions, regulatory conditions, and market conditions. Our Chief Human Resources Officer advises our Chief Executive Officer and other executives as they determine these goals.
In order to make each year's compensation decisions:
Following each year, our Chief Financial Officer presents our performance results against corporate financial goals for that fiscal year and for the three-year period just ended, and the performance factors produced under STIP and each long-term incentive program by those results. The committee, advised by our Chief Financial Officer and its own independent consultant, considers the performance factor results and, if it agrees they are accurate, approves them.
Also following each year, our Chief Executive Officer reviews and rates the performance of each of our officers for the prior year, except for himself. Our Chief Human Resources Officer advises our Chief Executive Officer in this, except with respect to the performance of the Chief Human Resources Officer him or herself. Our Chief Executive Officer also meets with our Compensation and Talent Management Committee to discuss these ratings and the bases for them. The committee, advised by our Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Human Resources Officer (except with respect to his or her rating) and its own independent consultant, considers the ratings and, if it agrees, approves them. We use those individual ratings, as well as the corporate financial performance, to determine each executive's STIP award for that year.
In addition, following each year, our Chief Executive Officer reviews his or her own performance and drafts a description of accomplishments. The Compensation and Talent Management Committee, advised by our Chief Human Resources Officer and its own independent consultant, considers the description and a performance rating our Chief Human Resources Officer proposes, and changes it or approves it as proposed. We use that individual rating, as well as the corporate financial performance, to determine the Chief Executive Officer's STIP award for that year.
Our Chief Human Resources Officer and the committee's independent consultant also discuss survey and benchmarking data related to executive compensation and other topics of interest from time to time. No executive has the authority to approve his or her own compensation or to grant STIP or long-term incentive awards to any executive officer.

17.What compensation market data do we review, and why?
Our Compensation and Talent Management Committee reviews and considers external market data provided by its independent consultant. For 2019,2021, the Compensation Committee engagedcommittee asked its independent consultant, Pearl Meyer, to conduct a study and provide advice and data with respect to compensation benchmarking and market practices for the Company's named executive officers.our executives. Pearl Meyer provided a new complete study and report in the fourth quarter of 20182020 for use with all 20192021 compensation decisions, including the new cadence for base salary increases. Beginning in 2019, base salary increases take effect at the beginning of the fiscal year, rather than in the middle of the fiscal year.decisions.

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To develop a blended market consensus on base salary, target total cash compensation and target total direct compensation for the position of each named executive officer, Pearl Meyer utilized proxyused data from twelvethirteen publicly

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2020 Proxy Statement

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traded insurance companies, and compensation surveys, with a focus on financial services and insurance companies.companies, that it considers appropriate, and reviewed this list with the Compensation and Talent Management Committee. The twelve insurancethirteen companies it included in our peer group are shown below:

were:
AllianceBernstein Holding L.P.Horace Mann Educators Corporation
American Financial Group, Inc.Horace Mann Educators Corp.
Invesco Ltd.
American National Insurance Co.Group, Inc.Kemper Corporation
Athene Holding Ltd.National Western Life Group,Primerica, Inc.
Brighthouse Financial, Inc.Reinsurance Group of America, Incorporated
CNO Financial Group, Inc.Primerica,Voya Financial, Inc.
FBL Financial Group, Inc.Reinsurance Group of America, Inc.
FGL HoldingsTorchmark Corporation (now known as Globe Life Inc.)

For positions with a peer group and survey data source,

Pearl Meyer arrives at market consensus compensation that is equally weighted using the peer group and survey data. For positions having only a survey data source, Pearl Meyer uses the survey data to arrive at market consensus compensation. Pearl Meyer focused on companies having total assets targeted at $62 billion. Pearl Meyer usesalso used a variety of surveys with industry specific pay data for companies of similar size but neither management nor thethat it considers appropriate, without direction from management.
Our Compensation and Talent Management Committee is aware of the specific surveys used or the specific companies that participate in the surveys.

In using this external market data, the Compensation Committee'sanchored its pay positioning strategy is anchored at the 50th percentile of market consensus for base salary, target total cash compensation and target total direct compensation, but with competitive ranges that are wider forcompensation. For target total cash compensation and target total direct compensation. Thecompensation, the committee set competitive range is 90%-110%ranges of 90-110% of the 50th percentile for base salary and 80%-120% of the 50th percentile for target total cash compensation and target total direct compensation. ThisThe competitive ranges allow for various levels of experience and tenure.

The committee's strategy helps achieve pay and performance alignment with pay above the 50th percentile when performance goals are exceeded and below the 50th percentile when performance goals are not achieved. The competitive ranges allow for various levels of experience
Our Compensation and tenure. ThisTalent Management Committee reviews many factors in considering compensation decisions, this external market data is onlybeing just one of manythem. The committee also considers factors reviewed and considered by the Compensation Committee, with other relevant factors includingsuch as company performance, individual executive performance, individual executive experience, internal pay equity, executive retention, and succession planning. Accordingly, the committee does not necessarily set every pay element or individual executive pay level isfor each executive at the targeted market level.

Pay Mix.
    For 2019, approximately 69% of the Chief Executive Officer's target annual compensation and 58% of each other named executive officer's target annual compensation is considered variable based on achieving performance objectives. Variable forms of compensation include compensation under the Short Term Plan and performance-based RSUs. In addition, the mix of compensation for 2019 for the Chief Executive Officer and the other named executive officers as a group is well aligned with market data included in Pearl Meyer's 2018 report. The Chief Executive Officer's base salary is slightly more than market (24% compared to 20%) with target long-term equity compensation slightly less than market (52% compared to 56%). The other named executive officers as a group have slightly more base salary than market with the offset in target annual cash incentive compensation.

Compensation Elements and Decisions for 2019

Base Salary.    Beginning with our 2019 fiscal year, base salary increases take effect at the beginning of the fiscal year, rather than in the middle of the fiscal year. In addition to the data provided by Pearl Meyer, in determining specific salaries for named executive officers for 2019, the Compensation Committee considered each executive's performance, length of service in the position and experience. In November 2018, the Compensation Committee

18.What were our on say-on-pay results, and how did we consider them?

18

2020 Proxy Statement

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Table of Contents

At our 2021 annual shareholder meeting, our shareholders approved increases to the base salariescompensation of the named executive officers effective January 1, 2019, as shownwe disclosed in our 2021 Proxy Statement by an affirmative vote of 96.9% of the table below:

votes cast. The vote was advisory and non-binding. However, our Compensation and Talent Management Committee discussed and considered the vote in connection with its annual compensation decisions.

26

Name
Base Salary
% Increase(1)

John M. Matovina

$900,0005.9%

Ted M. Johnson

$556,0004.9%

Ronald J. Grensteiner

$566,0004.8%

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

$493,0004.9%

Renee D. Montz

$458,0005.3%
(1)
Increases are calculated based on the named executive officer's base salary that was effective as of January 1, 2018, which were as follows: John M. Matovina $850,000, Ted M. Johnson $530,000, Ronald J. Grensteiner $540,000, Jeffrey D. Lorenzen $470,000, and Renee D. Montz $435,000. The salaries in effect as of January 1, 2018 were initially made effective July 1, 2017.

The increases in base salary for our named executive officers between the beginning of 2018 and the beginning of 2019 were at levels consistent with those provided to our employees generally. Consistent with the Compensation Committee's objective, Mr. Matovina's base salary for 2019 was 91% of the 50th percentile of the market consensus level and base salaries for our other named executives were within the competitive range of the 50th percentile of the market consensus levels.

Short-Term Incentive Compensation for 2019.    In November 2018, the Compensation Committee approved the structure of the short-term cash incentive compensation program for 2019 (the "2019 Program"). Under the 2019 Program, each named executive officer had a threshold, target and maximum incentive opportunity expressed as a percentage of base salary as of December 31, 2019. The 2019 Program threshold, target and maximum award opportunities remained the same as the prior year and are shown in the tables below. Mr. Matovina's target total cash compensation for 2019 was 82% of the 50th percentile of the market consensus level and the target total cash compensation for each of the other named executive officers was within the competitive range of the 50th percentile of the market consensus level. The Compensation Committee believes these award opportunities are appropriate, competitive and do not create an incentive to take undue or unnecessary risk that could materially harm the Company.

The short-term incentive compensation for fiscal year 2019 was paid based on achievement of threshold, target and maximum performance goals approved by the Compensation Committee established with respect to annuity deposits, non-GAAP operating income per share, investment spread and other than temporary impairments ("OTTI") and realized losses (the "2019 Company Performance Measures"). Each 2019 Company Performance Measure was weighted at 25% and measured independently and a named executive officer received an award if the threshold for a particular 2019 Company Performance Measure was achieved. The 2019 Company Performance Measures were the same performance measures used in the prior year except non-GAAP operating income was replaced with non-GAAP operating income per share. These measures are essentially the same, however the per share measure provides better alignment with shareholder value. The 2019 Company Performance Measures encompass key areas of Company performance that drive shareholder value and focus on growth in policyholder funds under management (annuity deposits) and financial performance (non-GAAP operating income per share, investment spread and OTTI and realized losses).

Non-GAAP operating income per share is a performance measure used in our 2019 Program which is not a financial measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. For information on how we compute this non-GAAP financial measure please refer to Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

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20202022 Proxy Statement

19
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal PositionYearSalary
($)
Bonus
($)
Stock
Awards
($)
Option Awards
($)
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
All Other
Compensation
($)
Total
($)
Anant Bhalla
Chief Executive Officer & President, and former interim Chief Financial Officer
20211,000,000 — 2,267,068 1,596,052 2,684,702 78,004 7,625,826 
2020795,512 1,107,681 2,854,608 2,914,434 1,716,537 28,388 9,417,160 
Axel André
Chief Financial Officer
2021191,527 200,000 — 400,000 530,515 9,649 1,331,692 
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen
Executive Vice President & Chief Risk Officer
2021508,000 — 569,600 324,035 565,333 12,972 1,979,941 
2020508,000 — 753,698 489,950 464,304 22,678 2,238,630 
2019493,000 — 682,881 — 575,947 13,012 1,764,840 
Ronald J. Grensteiner
President, American Equity Investment Life Insurance Company
2021500,000 — 485,901 296,130 670,411 13,521 1,965,964 
2019566,000 — 781,448 — 661,229 13,855 2,022,532 
James L. Hamalainen
Executive Vice President, Chief Investments Officer & Chief Client Solutions Officer
2021500,000 — 560,980 181,247 608,930 11,887 1,863,044 
2020242,939 107,412 480,081 1,224,896 497,096 12,562 2,564,986 
Ted M. Johnson
Former Chief Financial Officer
2021311,864 — 639,987 207,711 — 9,937 1,169,498 
2020573,000 — 847,924 489,953 536,247 15,383 2,462,507 
2019556,000 — 767,960 — 649,546 13,772 1,987,278 
Tolga Uzuner
Former Chief Investment Officer
2021319,070 — 721,880 1,380,626 — 537,748 2,959,324 
See the consolidated explanatory text following the Grants of Plan-Based Awards table.
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Table of Contents

The 2019 Program design for each named executive officer, as a percentage of his or her base salary, was:

    Mr. Matovina


Metric
Threshold
Target
Maximum

Annuity Deposits

12.5%25%50%

Non-GAAP Operating Income Per Share

12.5%25%50%

Investment Spread

12.5%25%50%

OTTI and Realized Losses

12.5%25%50%

50%100%200%
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2022 Proxy Statement

    Mr. Johnson, Mr. Grensteiner, Mr. Lorenzen and Ms. Montz

    Grants of Plan-Based Awards in 2021
    Estimated Future
    Payouts Under
    Non-Equity Incentive Plan
    Awards
    Estimated Future
    Payouts Under
    Equity Incentive Plan
    Awards
    All Other
    Stock
    Awards:
    Number of
    Shares of
    Stock or
    Units
    (#)
    All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options
    (#)
    Exercise or base price of option awards
    ($/Sh)
    Grant
    Date Fair
    Value of
    Stock
    and Option Awards
    ($)
    NameGrant
    Date
    Threshold
    ($)
    Target
    ($)
    Maximum
    ($)
    Threshold
    (#)
    Target
    (#)
    Maximum
    (#)
    Anant Bhalla2/25/2021— — — — — — 27,372 — — 749,993 
    2/25/2021— — — 27,373 54,745 109,490 — — — 1,500,013 
    1/4/2021— — — — 43,724 — — — 26.72 418,439 
    1/4/2021— — — — 43,723 — — — 26.72 427,611 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 96,246 27.40 750,003 
    6/30/2021— — — — — — 528 — — 17,062 
    1/1/2021750,000 1,500,000 3,000,000 — — — — — — — 
    Axel André9/7/2021— — — — — — — 43,909 32.35 400,000 
    9/7/2021166,849 333,699 667,397 — — — — — — — 
    Jeffrey D. Lorenzen2/25/2021— — — — — — 6,721 — — 184,155 
    2/25/2021— — — 6,721 13,442 26,884 — — — 368,311 
    6/2/2021— — — — 5,650 — — — 31.63 68,930 
    6/2/2021— — — — 5,649 — — — 31.63 70,951 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 23,632 27.40 184,154 
    6/30/2021— — — — — — 462 — — 14,944 
    12/31/2021— — — — — — 56 — — 2,191 
    1/1/2021177,800 355,600 711,200 — — — — — — — 
    Ronald J. Grensteiner2/25/2021— — — — — — 5,703 — — 156,262 
    2/25/2021— — — 5,703 11,405 22,810 — — — 312,497 
    6/2/2021— — — — 5,650 — — — 31.63 68,930 
    6/2/2021— — — — 5,649 — — — 31.63 70,951 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 20,051 27.40 156,249 
    6/30/2021— — — — — — 455 — — 14,709 
    12/31/2021— — — — — — 63 — — 2,434 
    1/1/2021225,000 450,000 900,000 — — — — — — — 
    James L. Hamalainen2/25/2021— — — — — — 6,615 — — 181,251 
    2/25/2021— — — 6,615 13,230 26,460 — — — 362,502 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 23,259 27.40 181,247 
    6/30/2021— — — — — — 379 — — 12,257 
    12/31/2021— — — — — — 128 — — 4,970 
    1/1/2021175,000 350,000 700,000 — — — — — — — 
    Ted M. Johnson2/25/2021— — — — — — 7,581 — — 207,719 
    2/25/2021— — — 7,581 15,161 30,322 — — — 415,411 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 26,655 27.40 207,711 
    6/30/2021— — — — — — 522 — — 16,856 
    1/1/2021200,550 401,100 802,200 — — — — — — — 
    Tolga Uzuner2/25/2021— — — — — — 8,782 — — 240,627 
    2/25/2021— — — 8,782 17,564 35,128 — — — 481,254 
    1/15/2021— — — — 50,000 — — — 30.50 562,500 
    1/15/2021— — — — 50,000 — — — 30.50 577,500 
    2/25/2021— — — — — — — 30,879 27.40 240,626 
    1/11/2021220,000 440,000 880,000 — — — — — — — 
    See the consolidated explanatory text following this table.

    28

Metric
Threshold
Target
Maximum

Annuity Deposits

8.75%17.5%35%

Non-GAAP Operating Income Per Share

8.75%17.5%35%

Investment Spread

8.75%17.5%35%

OTTI and Realized Losses

8.75%17.5%35%

35%70%140%
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2022 Proxy Statement

The following table shows our targets and achievement for

Understanding the Company Goals for 2019:

Summary Compensation Table and
Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table
Metric
Threshold
Target
Maximum
Actual

Annuity Deposits ($ millions)

$4,000$4,800$5,600$4,963

Non-GAAP Operating Income Per Share

$3.30$3.95$4.60$5.97

Investment Spread ($ millions)

$1,090$1,250$1,410$1,325

OTTI and Realized Losses ($ millions)

$45$37.5$30$26.53

These outcomes resulted in the following awards expressed as a percentage of base salary as of December 31, 2019: Mr. Matovina-167%; each of the other named executive officers-117%. The amounts awarded to each named executive officer for 2019 are includedAs SEC rules require, we have reported in the Summary Compensation Table appearinga number of 2021 elements that the executives have not earned and may never be paid to them. Some or all of the Performance RSUs, Time RSUs, and stock options may never become payable or may ultimately have a value that differs substantially from what is reported here. The same is the case, in whole or in part, for awards reported for 2020 and 2019.

In the text below, we refer to the Summary Compensation Table above as the Summary Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards in 2021 table as the Grants Table. We have reported in the Executive Compensation Tables section of this proxy statement.

Long-Term Equity CompensationSummary Table information for the Three-Year Performance Period Ended December 31, 2019.    In February 2020, the Compensation Committee certified the resultseach executive for the performance-based RSUs granted to the named executive officers in March 2017 for the three-year performance period ended December 31, 2019. As indicated in the table that follows, the Company's actual performance was between target and maximum for oneeach of the performance measures and above maximum for the other performance measure. This resulted in 136.03% of the performance-based RSUs granted in 2017 being earned. The number of shares of Common Stock earned bypast three year(s) each was a named executive officer in settlementthe proxy statement immediately following that year. We have reported 2021 information in the Grants Table for each executive named in this proxy statement.

Salary
We have reported the amount of base salary each executive earned in each year indicated in the Summary Table.
Bonus
We have reported Mr. André's cash sign-on payment for 2021 in the Summary Table. Mr. André must repay this amount if he voluntarily leaves us before his first anniversary. See our earlier proxy statements for information on "Bonus" amounts reported in the Summary Table for earlier years.
Non-Equity Incentives
We have reported each executive's STIP threshold, target, and maximum potential awards for 2021 in the Grants Table. The Summary Table shows each executive's actual resulting 2021 STIP award. See our earlier proxy statements for non-equity incentive information we have reported in the Summary Table for earlier years.
Stock Awards
We have reported the aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of all stock awards granted to each executive in each year indicated in the Summary Table. See our earlier proxy statements for more information on Stock Awards we have reported in the Summary Table for earlier years.
We have included the following Stock Awards for each executive on the Summary Table:
Performance RSUs at a 2021 Grant Date Fair Value of $27.40 per share using target performance. The February 25, 2021 rows of the performance-basedEstimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards columns of the Grants Table show the threshold, target, and maximum potential number of shares the executive may earn, depending on our three-year performance against established performance goals. Executives holding Performance RSUs accrue cash-payable dividend equivalents, payable if and when the award vests. We granted Performance RSUs under the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (the Equity Plan).
Time RSUs at a Grant Date Fair Value of $27.40 per share. We have reported the number of shares in these awards in the February 25, 2021 rows of the Grants Table All Other Stock Awards column. All Time RSUs vest in full on the third anniversary of their grant date. Executives holding Time RSUs accrue cash-payable dividend equivalents, payable if and when the award vests. We granted Performance RSUs under the Equity Plan.
ESOP shares at Grant Date Fair Value of $32.32 per share for awards in the June 30, 2021 rows, and $38.92 per share for awards in the December 31, 2021 rows, the closing prices of a share of our common stock on the dates in 2021 the shares were deposited into that plan for each executive.
To the extent the Grant Date Fair Value of any of these awards is based on assumptions, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2021 10-K for more information.
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2022 Proxy Statement
Option Awards
We have reported the Grant Date Fair Value of each stock option granted to each executive in each year indicated in the Summary Table. The Grants Table also shows the exercise price of each stock option we granted in 2021, which in each case was the closing price of a share of our common stock on the grant date. We granted all 2021 stock options under the Equity Plan. See our earlier proxy statements for more information on Option Awards we have reported in the Summary Table for earlier years.
We have included the following Option Awards for each executive on the Summary Table:
Special Performance Vesting Stock Options at a Grant Date Fair Value per option indicated in the January 4 ($9.57 and $9.78), January 15 ($11.25 and $11.55), and June 2 ($12.20 and $12.56) rows of the Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards columns of the Grants Table, which show the number of stock options the executive may be able to exercise if we meet the performance conditions. For information on those grants, see our 2021 proxy statement. We granted these stock options under the Equity Plan.
Time-Based Stock Options at a Grant Date Fair Value per option indicated in the February 25 ($7.79) and September 7 ($9.11) rows of the All Other Option Awards column of the Grants Table, which show the number of stock options the executive may be able to exercise. All Time-Based Stock Options vest in thirds on the first three anniversaries of their grant date. We granted Performance RSUs under the Equity Plan.
For information on the assumptions on which the Grant Date Fair Value of these stock options are based, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2021 10-K.
All Other Compensation
We have reported the following 2021 All Other Compensation for each executive, as follows:applicable:
employer matching contributions of up to $11,600 to each executive's 401(k) plan accounts;
holiday gift payments of up to $2,000 we gave each of our employees based on length of service with us, including amounts for each employee to produce a targeted amount net of taxes;
severance pay of approximately $410,000 to Mr. Matovina-23,347; Mr. Johnson-16,090; Mr. Grensteiner-16,405; Mr. Lorenzen-14,355; and Ms. Montz-13,251. In addition, each named executive officer received Uzuner in exchange for a final separation agreement, in accordance with our severance plan;
a cash payment equivalentrelocation allowance of approximately $33,000 to Mr. Uzuner; and
perquisites and personal benefits for each executive for whom the company's aggregate incremental cost for all such items exceeded $10,000 in 2021 in accordance with SEC rules, including:
limited personal air travel on a plane we lease, which we provide to executives in order to promote availability to colleagues and external business contacts and other business use of travel time during the trip, as well as conservation of travel time;
personal commercial air travel, primarily for an executive hired from outside the U.S. who retained a foreign residence and family, in order to attract the executive and facilitate working for us until relocation to U.S. could have been arranged (at a cost of $83,928 for Mr. Uzuner; Mr. Uzuner's other perquisites and personal benefits cost approximately $500);
relocation services in order to facilitate executives moving themselves and their families to the cumulativeDes Moines area (at a cost of $57,363 for Mr. Bhalla; Mr. Bhalla's other perquisites and personal benefits cost approximately $8,700), and
no reportable perquisites for Mr. André, Mr. Lorenzen, Mr. Grensteiner, Mr. Hamalainen, and Mr. Johnson.


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2022 Proxy Statement
Outstanding Equity Awards at Year-End 2021
Option AwardsStock awards
NameNumber of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) UnexercisableEquity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#)Option Exercise Price ($)Option Expiration DateNumber of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#)Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($)
Anant Bhalla50,00026.7001/27/2030
122,02527.0511/19/2030
122,02527.0511/19/2030
43,72426.7201/04/2031
43,72326.7201/04/2031
96,24627.4002/25/2031
54,1792,108,647
214,1548,334,874
Axel André43,90932.3509/07/2031
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen23,63227.4002/25/2031
24,783 27.0511/19/2030
24,782 27.0511/19/2030
5,650 31.6306/02/2031
5,649 31.6306/02/2031
16,424639,222
85,1013,312,111
Ronald J. Grensteiner20,05127.4002/25/2031
5,650 31.6306/02/2031
5,649 31.6306/02/2031
16,374637,276
86,8413,379,832
James L. Hamalainen36,24921.9807/07/2030
23,25927.4002/25/2031
49,56527.0511/19/2030
49,56427.0511/19/2030
17,535682,462
42,840 1,667,333 
Tolga Uzuner50,000 30.5011/15/2031
50,000 30.5011/15/2031
Option Awards
None of these stock options was exercisable as of December 31, 2021. In each case, the stock option's expiration date is the tenth anniversary of its grant date and its exercise price is the closing price of a share of our common stock on the grant date. Except as otherwise provided below, each executive must maintain continued service in order to attain and retain the right to exercise each option, unless we agree otherwise.

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2022 Proxy Statement
The stock options in the "Equity Incentive Plan Awards" column are "Special Performance Vesting Stock Option Grants" in 2020 or early 2021. For information on those grants, see our 2021 proxy statement. As of December 31, 2021, we had not yet met the performance conditions for executives to exercise those stock options. We subsequently met the performance condition in early 2022. Awardholders forfeit these options upon end of employment, unless the termination is (i) due to death, Disability (as defined in the Equity Plan), Retirement (as defined in that plan), or a termination we initiate other than for Cause (as defined in that plan), or (ii) we offer the awardholder a separation agreement that becomes final.
The right to exercise the other stock options is scheduled to vest on the following schedule:
Expiration DateVesting Schedule
January 27, 2030100% on fifth anniversary of grant date
September 7, 20311/3 on each of the first three anniversaries of grant date
February 25, 20311/3 on each of the first three anniversaries of grant date
July 7, 2030100% on third anniversary of grant date

Stock Awards
None of these awards were vested or paid as of December 31, 2021, and remained subject to continued service (in some cases through a 2024 date), unless we agree otherwise. In each case, the hypothetical market value of the unvested awards is based on the closing price of a share of our common stock on December 31, 2021.

Each of these awards accrued dividend equivalents in 2021 payable in cash dividendsif and when the award vests:
Executive2021 Accrued
Dividend Equivalent
($)
Anant Bhalla96,270 
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen48,250 
Ronald J. Grensteiner51,672 
James L. Hamalainen21,882 

The awards in the "Equity Incentive Plan Awards" column are Performance RSUs granted in one or more of 2019, 2020, and 2021, depending on the executive and when he began employment with us. Each is scheduled to vest at the end of a three-year performance period beginning in the year of grant, subject to continued service and our Compensation and Talent Management Committee's determination of our performance against set goals for the period. Each is reported assuming the maximum performance factor will apply.
The other awards are Time RSUs granted in one more of 2019, 2020, and 2021, depending on the executive and when he began employment with us. Each is scheduled to vest, subject to continued service, in thirds on the first three anniversaries of grant date.
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2022 Proxy Statement
Option Exercises and Stock Vested in 2021
Stock Awards
NameNumber of Shares
Acquired on Vesting
(#)
Value
Realized on
Vesting
($)
Anant Bhalla9,364 274,084 
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen19,116 528,175 
Ronald J. Grensteiner21,963 606,838 
Ted M. Johnson21,557 595,620 

We have reported the "Value Realized on Vesting" at the number of shares of Common Stock earnedour common stock that vested for 2017-2019.

Metric
Threshold
Target
Maximum
Actual

Book Value Per Share Growth

5%9%13%10.77%

Return on Average Equity

5%9%13%16.46%

The Book Value Per Share Growth performance measure usedeach executive in our 2017-2019 performance-based RSU program, is based on book value2021 multiplied by the closing price per share excluding AOCI, which ison the vesting date (or, if the vesting date was not a financial measure preparedbusiness day, the immediately prior business day). No stock awards vested for Mr. André, Mr. Hamalainen, or Mr. Uzuner in accordance with

2021.

20

2020 Proxy Statement

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GAAP. For information on how we compute this non-GAAP financial measure please refer to Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Return on Average Equity is determined by dividing non-GAAP operating income by average stockholders' equity excluding AOCI and fair value changes in derivatives and embedded derivatives.

Long-Term Equity Compensation Awarded for 2019.    In February 2019, the Compensation Committee awarded the named executive officers performance-based RSUs and time-based RSUs underexercised any stock options during 2021.

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2022 Proxy Statement
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation in 2021
NamePlan NameAggregate Earnings in Last FY
($)
Aggregate Balance at Last FYE
($)
Ronald J. GrensteinerAmerican Equity Marketing Officers Deferred Compensation Agreement50,670 175,140 

Under a 1998 agreement, Mr. Grensteiner has a stock-payable deferred bonus. The "aggregate earnings" in 2021 are the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan.change in the market price of our common stock during the year of the 4,500 shares payable (the result of a 3-for-1 stock split since the date of the agreement). The time-based RSUs were substituted for time-base restricted stock grantedshares are payable upon the end of Mr. Grensteiner's employment.
Consistent with SEC rules, none of the earnings or aggregate balance have appeared in prior years. our previous Summary Compensation Tables.
34

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2022 Proxy Statement
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control
Severance BenefitsChange in Control Severance Benefits
NameSalary-Based
($)
STIP-Based
($)
COBRA Subsidy
($)
Out-placement
($)
Salary-Based
($)
STIP-Based
($)
Stock Options
($)
RSUs
($)
Group Benefits
($)
Anant Bhalla1,000,0001,500,00015,00030,0003,000,0004,500,0005,683,48110,443,52160,234
Axel André600,0001,050,00015,00030,0001,200,0002,100,000288,48210,087
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen508,000355,60015,00030,0001,524,0001,066,800942,9473,951,33351,598
Ronald J. Grensteiner500,000450,00015,00030,0001,500,0001,350,000313,3574,017,10860,234
James L. Hamalainen550,000825,00015,00030,0001,100,0001,650,0002,058,6632,349,79535,837

Severance Benefits
The total target incentive opportunity awarded for 2019 was equal to 225%left side of base salary attable above shows the grant date for Mr. Matovina and 135% of base salary at the grant date for the other named executive officers, compared to 150% of base salary at the grant date for Mr. Matovina and 105% of base salary at the grant date forSeverance Benefits each otheractive named executive officer for 2018. These increases were consistentwould have received if we had involuntarily terminated his employment with Pearl Meyer's recommendations and were made by the Compensation Committee to improve the overall competitive positioning of target total direct compensation for each named executive officer. Mr. Matovina's target total direct compensation increased from 61% to 76% of the 50th percentile of the market consensus level and resulted in target total direct compensation that was slightly below the Compensation Committee's competitive range for the 50th percentile of the market consensus level. The target total direct compensation for each of the other named executive officers was within the competitive range of the 50th percentile of the market consensus level. The entire increase in Mr. Matovina's long-term equity compensation was allocated to performance-based equity compensation increasing the percentage of his target annual compensation that was variable or performance-based to 69% from 62% and resulting in a mix of performance-based (87%) and time-based (13%) long-term equity compensation that was slightly different than Pearl Meyer's recommended mix of 80% performance-based and 20% time-based. The mix of 80% performance-based and 20% time-based long-term equity compensation for the other named executive officers for 2019 was the same mix as 2018 consistent with Pearl Meyer's recommendation.

Performance-Based RSU Grant: The performance-based RSUs are tied to threshold, target and maximum performance goals approved by the Compensation Committee for the three-year period endingeligibility on December 31, 2021 established with respect to Book Value Per Share Growth, based on book value per share excluding accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), and Return on Average Equity ("ROAE"), based on non-GAAP operating income and average stockholders' equity excluding AOCI and fair value changes in derivatives and embedded derivatives, each weighted at 50% and measured independently. The target number of performance-based RSUs granted to Mr. Matovina and the other named executive officers was equal to 195% and 108%, respectively, of base salary on the grant date divided by the closing priceany required separation agreement had become final. In light of the Common Stock on the grant date. The threshold, target and maximum numbers for performance-based RSUs that can be earned are includedhypothetical completion of 2021 performance, we assume we would have paid 2021 STIP in the 2019 Grants of Plan-Based Awards table appearingnormal course and do not include any such amounts in the Executive Compensation Tables sectiontable above. All payments would have been made net of this proxy statement. If the threshold performance level is not reached for a performance measure,tax withholding; none of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the threshold performance level is achieved for a performance measures, 50% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the target performance level is achieved for a performance measure, 100% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the maximum performance level is achieved for a performance measure, 150% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. The performance-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the performance-based RSUs that are earned. Earned dividends will be paid in cash. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the performance-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment. Performance-based RSUs granted in 2019 are earned based on performance against the following performance metrics:

Metric
Below Threshold
Threshold
Target
Maximum

Book Value Per Share Growth

%25%50%75%

 

    

ROAE

%25%50%75%

 

    

Aggregate Percentage Achievable at Each Performance Level

%50%100%150%

The specific performance goals for the three-year period ending December 31, 2021 will be disclosed in the proxy statement for 2022. At the time the performance goals were approved by the Compensation Committee, it was believed that they reflected an appropriate degree of stretch but that they were attainable based on successful execution of the Company's business plan and the realization of macro-economic and financial market conditions reasonably aligned with the Company's expectations.

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Time-Based RSU Grant: In 2019, the number of time-based RSUs awarded to Mr. Matovina and the other named executive officers was equal to 30% and 27%, respectively, of base salary on the grant date divided by the closing price of the Common Stock on the grant date. The number of time-based RSUs awarded to the named executive officers is included in the 2019 Grants of Plan-Based Awards table appearing in the Executive Compensation Tables section of this proxy statement. The time-based RSUs vest on the earlier of: (i) three years after the grant date; and (ii) attainment of age 65 and following 10 years of service with the Company. Pursuantentitled to this provision, the time-based RSUs for Mr. Matovina vested in 2019. The time-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the time-based RSUs that vest. Vested dividends will be paid in cash. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the time-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment.

Compensation Decisions Relating to 2020 Compensation

Base Salaries.    In November 2019, the Compensation Committee approved increases to the base salaries of the named executive officers effective January 1, 2020 as shown in the table below.

a tax gross-up.
Name
Base Salary

Ted M. Johnson

$573,000

 

 

Ronald J. Grensteiner

$580,000

 

 

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

$508,000

 

 

Renee D. Montz

$472,000

Short-Term Incentive Compensation.    In November 2019, the Compensation Committee approved the structure of the short-term incentive compensation program for 2020. The short-term incentive compensation for fiscal year 2020 will be paid, if earned, in cash, subject to the achievement of threshold, target and maximum performance goals approved by the Compensation Committee established with respect to annuity deposits, non-GAAP operating income per share, and investment spread (the "2020 Company Performance Measures") and for each named executive officer other than Mr. Bhalla, individual performance goals. Each 2020 Company Performance Measure is weighted at 331/3% for Mr. Bhalla and 25% for each named executive officer. For the named executive officers other than Mr. Bhalla, 25% of the award opportunity is based on individual goals related to their respective areas of responsibility. Attainment of each 2020 Company Performance Measure and individual goal is measured independently. Target and maximum award opportunities for fiscal year 2020 are 150% and 300% of base salary, respectively, for Mr. Bhalla and 70% and 140% of base salary, respectively, for each other named executive officer.

The 2020 Company Performance Measures are the same measures used in the 2019 Program except that the OTTI and realized losses performance measure is not a performance measure for 2020. The Compensation Committee decided to remove this measure at its meeting in late February. In making this determination the Compensation Committee considered that while this performance measure was aligned with the Company's business strategy, the outcome for this performance measure had resulted in a payout at maximum for each of the three years the measure was part of the Short-Term Plan (despite the establishment of target and maximum performance goals that reflected an appropriate degree of stretch) and the challenges in establishing threshold, target and maximum goals for a performance measure whose outcome could have significant variability from factors outside the control of management.

In early April, the Compensation Committee approved threshold, target and maximum performance goals for the 2020 Company Performance Measures. The specific performance goals approved reflect consideration of the anticipated impact on the Company's business and financial results from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Compensation Committee is sensitive to having performance goals that reflect the appropriate balance between employee retention, motivation and reward and the interests of shareholders. As the year progresses, the Compensation Committee will assess the reasonableness of assumptions underlying the approved performance goals compared to actual outcomes with the objective of ensuring that final outcomes for the 2020 short-term incentive compensation program do not result in a windfall to or unduly penalize the participants. Consistent with prior practice, the specific performance goals for the 2020 Company Performance Measures will be disclosed in next year's proxy statement.

Long-Term Incentive Compensation.    In February 2020, the Compensation Committee granted performance-based RSUs to the named executive officers. The performance-based RSUs will be tied to threshold, target and maximum performance goals approved by the Compensation Committee for the three-year period ending

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December 31, 2022 established with respect to Book Value Per Share Growth (based on book value per share excluding AOCI and fair value changes in derivatives and embedded derivatives) and ROAE (based on non-GAAP operating income and average stockholders' equity excluding AOCI and fair value changes in derivatives and embedded derivatives), each weighted at 50% and measured independently. The target number of performance-based RSUs granted to the named executive officers was equal to the following percentages of their base salary on the grant date divided by the closing price of the Common Stock on the grant date: Mr. Bhalla-220%; Messrs. Johnson and Lorenzen-116%; and Mr. Grensteiner and Ms. Montz-108%. If the threshold performance level is not reached for a performance measure, none of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the threshold performance level is achieved for a performance measure, 50% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the target performance level is achieved for a performance measure, 100% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. If the maximum performance level is achieved for a performance measure, 150% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned for that performance measure. The performance-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the time-based RSUs that vest. Vested dividends will be paid in cash. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the performance-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment.

The performance measures for the three-year period ending December 31, 2022 are the same measures used for the three-year period ending December 31, 2021 with the exception that actual results for the three-year period ending December 31, 2022 will be computed without regard to any changes in accounting standards that might be implemented within the three-year performance period.

In early April, the Compensation Committee approved threshold, target and maximum performance goals for the 2020 long-term equity incentive compensation program. The specific performance goals approved reflect consideration of the anticipated impact on the Company's business and financial results from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Compensation Committee is sensitive to having performance goals that reflect the appropriate balance between employee retention, motivation and reward and the interests of shareholders. As the performance period progresses, the Compensation Committee will assess the reasonableness of assumptions underlying the approved performance goals compared to actual outcomes with the objective of ensuring that final outcomes for the 2020 long-term equity incentive compensation program do not result in a windfall to or unduly penalize the participants. Consistent with prior practice, the specific performance goals for the 2020 long-term equity incentive compensation program will be disclosed in the proxy statement for 2023.

In February 2020, the Compensation Committee granted time-based RSUs to the named executive officers. The number of time-based RSUs granted to the named executive officers was equal to the following percentages of their base salary on the grant date divided by the closing price of the Common Stock on the grant date; Mr. Bhalla-55%; Messrs. Johnson and Lorenzen-29%; and Mr. Grensteiner and Ms. Montz-27%. The time-based RSUs vest on the earlier of: (i) three years after the grant date; and (ii) attainment of age 65 and following 10 years of service with the Company. The time-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the time-based RSUs that vest. Vested dividends will be paid in cash. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the time-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment.

The financial markets have experienced significant disruption since the Compensation Committee approved the equity awards described above for 2020. The Compensation Committee met in early April 2020 and considered whether the closing price of the Common Stock which was $26.80 on the February 2020 grant date had resulted in an undue benefit to the executive officers receiving equity awards on the grant date. The Compensation Committee concluded no adjustments to the number of shares were warranted as a result of market developments following the February 2020 grant date.

Additional Programs and Policies

Stock Ownership Guidelines.    We emphasize long-term equity compensation in our total compensation package for all employees and particularly for senior officers. We believe this helps align the interests of employees and officers with shareholder interests and creates an incentive to build our Common Stock value. On February 28, 2020, the Board of Directors adopted Stock Ownership Guidelines applicable to the Company's executive officers. The Chief Executive Officer is required to own Common Stock with a value equal to five times the Chief Executive Officer's base annual salary. Each other executive officer is required to own Common Stock with a value equal to three times the executive officer's base annual salary. Executive officers have seven years from the later of: (i) the date of adoption of the Stock Ownership Guidelines; and (ii) the date they become an executive officer subject to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to obtain the required Common Stock ownership.

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The executive officers are required to retain 100%, of the net after-tax shares acquired from the vesting, settlement or exercise of equity awards until they meet the stock ownership level. Common Stock ownership levels are measured annually on December 31 and shares will be valued at the highest per share price over the prior 12-month period. Once an executive officer meets the applicable stock ownership level, no further investment in Common Stocks is required to compensate for a subsequent decline in the market value of those shares or a change in salary. All named executive officers other than Ms. Montz, have met the requirements of the Stock Ownership Guidelines. Ms. Montz became an executive officer in April 2016 and is on pace for compliance based on outstanding equity awards that are not vested.

Hedging and Pledging Policy.    Our directors and executive officers are prohibited from engaging in forms of hedging or monetization transactions, such as certain types of forward contracts, equity swaps, collars, and exchange funds, which allow a shareholder to lock in much of the value of his or her stock holding without the full risks and rewards of stock ownership. In addition, directors and executive officers are prohibited from purchasing Company securities on margin or borrowing against any account in which shares of Common Stock are owned.

Incentive Compensation Repayment Policy.    On February 28, 2020, the Board of Directors adopted an Incentive Compensation Repayment Policy (the "Repayment Policy") covering cash and equity incentive compensation earned on the basis of performance. The Repayment Policy covers current and former employees of the Company who are or were subject to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, at the time the incentive compensation was earned by such individual (the "Covered Individual"). In the event of a restatement of the financial statements of the Company due to material non-compliance with any financial reporting requirements under the federal securities laws due to an act of embezzlement, fraud, breach of fiduciary duty, misconduct or gross negligence by a Covered Individual that results in a performance measure or specified performance target being restated, the Board of Directors may lower the amount of incentive compensation that would have been earned by the Covered Individual and require reimbursement or forfeiture of such amounts in excess of the lowered amount.

Prohibition on Repricing.    Our equity compensation plans prohibit us from reducing the exercise price of outstanding stock options or stock appreciation rights without shareholder approval.

Severance Plan.    The Company has a severance plan to provide benefits to employees, including the named executive officers, whose employment is terminated by the Company due to reorganization or reduction in our workforce. Additional details onUnder the terms of thehis offer letter, Mr. Bhalla is eligible for severance plan are described under "Potential Payments Upon Terminationif he is terminated other than for Cause, death or disability. "Cause" generally includes (i) willful and continued failure to substantially perform Mr. Bhalla's duties (other than due to incapacity due to physical or mental illness); (ii) conviction of, or entering of a guilty plea or a Changeplea of no contest to, a felony; (iii) willful engagement in Control."

Change in Control and Separation Arrangements.    To promote retention of senior officers, we have entered into change in control agreementsillegal conduct or gross misconduct; or (iv) material failure to comply with a small group of our executives including each named executive officer. The terms of such agreements are described under "Potential Payments Upon Terminationthe Company’s policies or a Change in Control". We have no other written employment contractsrules, or separation agreements with any of our named executive officers, other than with respect to Mr. Bhalla's offer letter.

Other Compensation.    All of our employees are eligible to participate in our 401(k) plan once they have completed thirty days of employment with us and attained age 18. We match 100% of employee contributions to the 401(k) plan up to 3% of the employee's total eligible compensation and match 50% of employee contributions up to the next 2% of the employee's total eligible compensation, subject to the limitations specified in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code").

Moreover, employees are eligible to participate in the Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"). The principal purpose of the ESOP is to provide each eligible employee with an equity interest in the Company. Employees become eligible once they have completed a minimum of six months of service and their interests in the ESOP become 100% vested after two years of their service to the Company. The Company makes semi-annual discretionary contributions to the ESOP.

All of our employees are eligible for insurance benefits including health, dental, long-term disability and life insurance. Employees also have access to employer-sponsored annuities.

Limited perquisites are available for our named executive officers. The only perquisite available to our named executive officers that was not available to our other employees in 2019 was limited personal travel on the Company's aircraft.

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2020 Proxy Statement

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Other Compensation Considerations

Timing of Compensation Decisions.    Base salaries and incentive compensation opportunities for executive officers are determined by the Compensation Committee at its November meeting. Annual grants of equity awards are approved by the Compensation Committee at its first regularly scheduled meeting of the calendar year which is typically in late February or early March. The grant date for equity awards is the same day as the Compensation Committee meeting and the number of shares for each equity grant is computed using the closing price of our Common Stock on the date of the Compensation Committee meeting. This timing and process is designed to ensure that our fourth quarter and full year financial results (typically released by mid-February) are fully disseminated in the market by the time the number of shares for equity grants is determined.

Tax Implications of Executive Compensation.    Federal income tax law limits a public company's income tax deduction for compensation in excess of $1 million paid to certain named executive officers. For taxable years prior to 2018, the limitation did not apply to compensation that qualified as "performance-based compensation" under applicable federal income tax rules. However, federal tax legislation passed in December 2017 repealed the "performance-based" exemption and the limitation on deductibility was expanded to include executive officers previously not subject to the limitation. As a result, for taxable years after December 31, 2017, compensation paid to our named executive officers in excess of $1 million will not be deductible unless it qualifies for limited transition relief applicable to certain arrangements in place as of November 2, 2017.

Historically,agreement between the Company and the Compensation Committee have designed the Company's executive compensation programs to qualify for deductibility under applicable income tax laws. Notwithstanding changes in the tax deductibility requirements, the Compensation Committee believes that a significant portion of our executive officers' compensation should be tied to measures of performance of our business and intends to continue to implement compensation programs that it believes are competitive and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. Accordingly, while the Compensation Committee considers the deductibility of compensation as one factor in determining executive compensation, it also looks at other factors in making its decisions and retains the flexibility to award compensation that it determines to be appropriate for achieving the Company's business plans, goals and objectives, even if such compensationMr. Bhalla. Mr. Bhalla is not tax deductible.

Compensation Committee Report

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management. Based on such review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this proxy statement.

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE

A. J. Strickland, III, Chair
Joyce A. Chapman
Brenda J. Cushing

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Executive Compensation Tables


Summary Compensation Table

Name and Principal Position
 Year
 Salary
($)

 Stock
Awards(1)(2)
($)

 Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation3)
($)

 Bonus(4)
($)

 All Other
Compensation(5)
($)

 Total
($)

 

John M. Matovina

 2019 900,000 2,024,999 1,502,034  32,639 4,459,672 

Chief Executive Officer

  2018  863,500  1,275,015  1,372,568    41,452  3,552,535 

and President

 2017 795,000 592,009 1,318,515  32,368 2,737,892 

Ted M. Johnson

  2019  556,000  750,611  649,546    31,121  1,987,278 

Chief Financial Officer

 2018 538,500 780,668 594,283  36,702 1,950,153 

and Treasurer

  2017  520,000  407,995  570,745  127,500  29,605  1,655,845 

Ronald J. Grensteiner

 2019 566,000 764,094 661,229  31,209 2,022,532 

Exec. Vice President

  2018  548,500  697,758  575,905    36,663  1,858,826 

 2017 530,000 415,989 586,351 130,000 29,772 1,692,112 

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

  2019  493,000  665,568  575,947    30,325  1,764,840 

Exec. Vice President and

 2018 477,500 624,268 543,899  35,237 1,680,904 

Chief Investment Officer

  2017  462,500  363,991  475,288  113,750  29,624  1,445,153 

Renee D. Montz

 2019 458,000 618,283 535,058  29,686 1,641,027 

Exec. Vice President,

  2018  442,500  680,908  473,148    30,503  1,627,059 

General Counsel and Secretary

 2017 427,500 336,000 468,441 98,750 24,791 1,355,482 
(1)
Amounts for 2019 reflect grant date fair value pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 718 of performance-based RSUs (assuming target performance is the probable outcome), and time-based RSUs granted, each as previously described above under "Long-Term Equity Compensation Awarded for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. For further information, please see Note 11 Retirement and Share-based Compensation Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Grant date fair value for the 2019 performance-based RSUs is $1,754,993 for Mr. Matovina, $600,495 for Mr. Johnson, $611,288 for Mr. Grensteiner, $532,448 for Mr. Lorenzen, and $494,626 for Ms. Montz. Grant date fair value assuming payout at maximum performance would be $2,632,490 for Mr. Matovina, $900,743 for Mr. Johnson, $916,932 for Mr. Grensteiner, $798,672 for Mr. Lorenzen, and $741,939 for Ms. Montz. In addition, amounts for 2019 include awards of time-based RSUs with a grant date fair value of $270,006 for Mr. Matovina, $150,116 for Mr. Johnson, $152,806 for Mr. Grensteiner, $133,120 for Mr. Lorenzen, and $123,657 for Ms. Montz. See 2019 Grants of Plan-Based Awards below for additional information on the 2019 stock awards.

(2)
Amounts for 2018 and 2017 reflect grant date fair value pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 718 of performance-based RSUs (assuming target performance is the probable outcome), time-based RSUs and restricted stock granted under the long-term equity compensation programs for those years.

(3)
Amounts for 2019 consist of cash awards earned under the Short-Term Plan previously described above under "Short-Term Incentive Compensation for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. Amounts for 2018 and 2017 consist of cash awards earned under the short-term incentive compensation programs applicable for 2018 and 2017.

(4)
In March 2017, the Compensation Committee awarded discretionary bonuses in an amount equal to 25% of base salary to each of Mr. Johnson, Mr. Grensteiner, Mr. Lorenzen and Ms. Montz.

(5)
Amounts for 2019 include $17,354 for Mr. Matovina, $17,349 for Mr. Johnson, $17,354 for Mr. Grensteiner, $17,313 for Mr. Lorenzen and $17,276 for Ms. Montz for Company contributions to the ESOP. In addition, amounts for 2019 include $11,200 for each named executive officer for the Company match of 401k contributions.

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The following table provides information regarding grants of plan-based awards including RSUs and non-equity compensation granted to the named executives during 2019.


2019 Grants of Plan-Based Awards

 
 
Estimated Future
Payouts Under
Non-Equity Incentive Plan
Awards(1)

Estimated Future
Payouts Under
Equity Incentive Plan
Awards(2)

All Other
Stock
Awards:
Number of
Shares of
Stock or

Grant
Date Fair
Value of
Stock

Name
Grant
Date

Threshold
($)

Target
($)

Maximum
($)

Threshold
(#)

Target
(#)

Maximum
(#)

Units(3)
(#)

Awards(4)
($)

John M. Matovina

2/28/201913,86355,45083,1751,754,993

2/28/20198,531270,006

N/A112,500900,0001,800,000

Ted M. Johnson

2/28/20194,74318,97328,460600,495

2/28/20194,743150,116

N/A48,650389,200778,400

Ronald J. Grensteiner

2/28/20194,82919,31428,971611,288

2/28/20194,828152,806

N/A49,525396,200792,400

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

2/28/20194,20616,82325,235532,448

2/28/20194,206133,120

N/A43,138345,100690,200

Renee D. Montz

2/28/20193,90715,62823,442494,626

2/28/20193,907123,657

N/A40,075320,600641,200
(1)
These awards represent the estimated payout under the short-term cash incentive compensation program applicable for fiscal year 2019 previously described above under "Short-Term Incentive Compensation for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. The actual cash incentive compensation earned is reflected above in the Summary Compensation Table in the column titled "Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation."

(2)
These awards represent the estimated payout of performance-based RSUs applicable for fiscal year 2019 previously described above under "Long-Term Equity Compensation Awarded for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. The number of performance-based RSUs granted that will be earned is dependent on the achievement of certain threshold, target and maximum performance goals for the three year period ending December 31, 2021. 50% of the performance-based RSUs granted will be earned if the Company meets threshold for each performance goal, 100% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned if the Company meets target for each performance goal and 150% of the performance-based RSUs will be earned if the Company meets maximum for each performance goal. The performance-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the performance-based RSUs that vest. Vested dividends will be paid in cash.

(3)
These awards represent the time-based RSU grants for fiscal year 2019 previously described above under "Long-Term Equity Compensation Awarded for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. The time-based RSUs vest on the earlier of (i) three years after the grant date and (ii) attainment of age 65 and following 10 years of service with the Company. Pursuant to this provision, the time-based RSUs for Mr. Matovina vested in 2019. The time-based RSUs are eligible for dividends, but dividends will only be paid on the time-based RSUs that vest. Vested dividends will be paid in cash.

(4)
Reflects grant date fair value of the performance-based RSUs and time-based RSUs pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 718. Grant date fair value was calculated using the closing market price of the Common Stock of $31.65. Amounts for the performance-based RSUs assume target performance is the probable outcome.

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The following table provides information about unexercised stock options to acquire Common Stock, unvested performance-based RSUs, unvested time-based restricted stock and unvested time-based RSUs granted to named executive officers. Vesting schedules applicable to such awards are as follows:

All unexercised stock options are vested.

The performance-based RSUs vest at the end of the applicable three-year performance period and are paid out upon approval by the Compensation Committee of attainment of performance levels for the applicable three-year period. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the performance-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment.

The time-based restricted stock and time-based RSUs vest on the earlier of: (i) the date three years following the grant date; and (ii) attainment of age 65 and following 10 years of service with the Company. Subject to certain limited exceptions, including change in control, death, disability and retirement (as defined in the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan), the time-based restricted stock and time-based RSUs are forfeited without consideration upon termination of employment.
 
Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2019
 
 
 
Option Awards
Stock Awards
Name
Grant
Date

Vesting
Date

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable

Option
Exercise
Price ($)

Option
Expiration
Date

Number of
Shares or
Units of
Stock That
Have Not
Vested (#)

Market
Value of
Shares or
Units of
Stock That
Have Not
Vested
($)(1)

Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Unearned
Shares,
Units
or Other
Rights
That
Have Not
Vested (#)

Equity
Incentive Plan
Awards:
Market or
Payout Value
of Unearned
Shares, Units
or Other
Rights That
Have Not
Vested ($)(1)

John M. Matovina

6/11/20106/11/201327,7509.276/10/2020

3/9/2017(2)25,745770,548

2/27/2018(3)48,2811,445,050

2/28/2019(4)83,1752,489,428

Ted M. Johnson

3/9/2017(2)17,742531,018

3/9/20173/9/20202,95788,503

2/27/2018(3)21,074630,745

2/27/20182/27/20213,512105,114

2/28/2019(4)28,460851,808

2/28/20192/28/20224,743141,958

Ronald J. Grensteiner

3/9/2017(2)18,090541,434

3/9/20173/9/20203,01590,239

2/27/2018(3)21,471642,627

2/27/20182/27/20213,578107,090

2/28/2019(4)28,971867,102

2/28/20192/28/20224,828144,502

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

3/9/2017(2)15,830473,792

3/9/20173/9/20202,63878,955

2/27/2018(3)18,687559,302

2/27/20182/27/20213,11593,232

2/28/2019(4)25,235755,284

2/28/20192/28/20224,206125,886

Renee D. Montz

3/9/2017(2)14,612437,337

3/9/20173/9/20202,43572,880

2/27/2018(3)17,295517,639

2/27/20182/27/20212,88386,288

2/28/2019(4)23,442701,619

2/28/20192/28/20223,907116,937
(1)
Calculated based on the closing market price of the Common Stock on December 31, 2019, which was $29.93.

(2)
The unearned shares included in this row represent performance-based RSUs awarded during 2017. As our performance as of the end of 2019 for the related performance period exceeded the target performance goals, these awards are shown at maximum (150% of target). These awards vested at 136% of target based on actual performance over the three-year period ended December 31, 2019 as certified by the Compensation Committee on February 27, 2020.

(3)
The unearned shares included in this row represent performance-based RSUs awarded during 2018. As our performance as of the end of 2019 for the related performance period exceeded the target performance goals, these awards are shown at maximum (150% of target). However, the amount, if any, of these awards that will be paid out will depend upon the actual performance over the full three-year performance period ending December 31, 2020, and the Compensation Committee's certification of the performance.

(4)
The unearned shares included in this row represent performance-based RSUs awarded during 2019. As our performance as of the end of 2019 for the related performance period would have resulted in a payout in excess of target, these awards are shown at maximum (150% of target). However, the amount, if any, of these awards that will be paid out will depend upon the actual performance over the full three-year performance period ending December 31, 2021, and the Compensation Committee's certification of the performance.

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Option Exercises and Stock Vested

Set forth below are the stock option exercises and the stock vested for the named executive officers during 2019.

 
Option Awards
Stock Awards
Name
Number of
Shares
Acquired
on
Exercise
(#)

Value
Realized
on Exercise
($)

Number of
Shares
Acquired
on Vesting
(#)

Value
Realized
on Vesting
($)

John M. Matovina

40,000927,60053,5811,593,411

Ted M. Johnson

30,000625,15128,419833,675

Ronald J. Grensteiner

26,376792,060

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

23,402699,259

Renee D. Montz

22,470648,041

Potential Payments Upon Termination or a Change in Control

Aside from the change in control agreements described below, we have no employment contracts or separation agreements with any of our named executive officers.

Messrs. Matovina, Johnson, Grensteiner and Lorenzen and Ms. Montz are eligible for severance under the Company's severance plan if they are terminated because of a reduction of or realignment in the Company's workforce or elimination of their position, function or operation. They are not eligible for such severance benefits if they take a comparable job with the Company, failhe fails to sign a general release and waiver of claims doas part of a termination agreement that contains standard provisions including a non-disparagement provision and/or if he does not remain in compliance with Company policies, failallow the release and waiver to abide by all applicable confidentiality, non-solicitation, non-disclosure and non-compete policies, as applicable, and/or other specified reasons.become fully effective. The severance payable under the severance plan is two weeksMr. Bhalla’s offer letter would have equaled (a) twenty-four (24) months of base pay for each yearsalary and (b) 2021 STIP target opportunity.

Each of the eligible recipient's service with the Company. The severance plan has a minimum benefit of twelve weeks and a maximum benefit of 26 weeks of base pay. The following is the severance benefit that theother named executive officers are eligible for severance under our American Equity Transition Benefit Plan (the Transition Plan) if we determined that we had involuntarily terminated the executive due to job elimination, job modification, or poor fit. The Severance Benefits would have been equal to 52 weeks of salary, plus the executive's COBRA benefits continuation contribution rate for the first 12 months after termination of employment, plus outplace assistance at our cost of no more than $30,000.
Change in Control Severance Benefits
The right side of the table above shows the Change in Control Severance Benefits each active named executive officer would have received if we had they qualified for such benefits on December 31, 2019: Mr. Matovina-$450,000; Mr. Johnson-$278,000; Mr. Grensteiner-$283,000; Mr. Lorenzen-$189,615 and Ms. Montz-$105,692.

If a named executive officer experiences a termination of employment with the Company that is not in connection withsuffered a change in control or due to death, disability, retirement or a qualifying termination under the Company's severance plan as describe above, theon December 31, 2021 and each named executive officer would be entitled only to the following payments and benefits, which are provided pursuant to the terms of the plan or contract governing such payment or benefit or are otherwise applicable to all Company employees (such payments and benefits, the "Accrued Amounts"):

Accrued and unpaid base salary through the termination date (two week notice of termination by either the employer or employee is required),had ended employment with no right to receive any cash bonus or incentive amounts not earned prior to notice of termination;

The right to exercise vested stock options within thirty or sixty days of the termination date dependingseverance eligibility on the terms of the stock options;

Distribution of the executive's 401(k) account and ESOP account;

COBRA benefits, if elected, for the purchase of medical and dental insurance; and

The right to convert group life insurance to an individual policy without proof of insurability, at the executive's ongoing expense.

that date.

We entered into change in control agreements with a small group of senior executives, including each of the active named executive officers, whichofficers. Each is filed as an exhibit to our 2021 10-K. Under these agreements, we would providehave provided payments and benefits to them if theirupon end of employment with the Company terminates under certain circumstances following a "changechange in control" (as defined below) of the Company.control. Such circumstance includes the executive'swould have included discharge without "Cause" (as defined below)Cause or voluntary resignation by the executive for "Good Reason" (as defined below). We refer to such a termination of employment as a "QualifyingGood Reason. Active named executive officers who had received Change in Control Termination". If any of the named executive officers receive change in control payments, they are ineligible toSeverance would not receive severance under the Company's severance plan.

Transition Plan.
Under the agreements:

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Aa "change in control" is defined to include: (i) the acquisition by any personincludes certain concentrations of 35% of the combined voting power of the Company; (ii)our ownership, certain changes in a majority of the directors originally on theour Board of Directors (and withmembers, certain designated successors) ceasing to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors; (iii) a mergermergers with another entity, in which the Company's voting securities cease to represent at least 50% of the combined voting power of the surviving entity; or (iv) the saleand certain sales of substantially all of the assets of the Company.

our assets.

"Cause" under the change in control agreements generally includes (i) the executive'sexecutive’s willful and continued failure to substantially perform the executive'sexecutive’s duties (other than a failure resulting from the executive'sexecutive’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness), after a written demand for substantial performance from the Board of Directors; (ii) the final conviction of the executive of, or an entering of a guilty plea or a plea of no contest by the executive to, a felony; or (iii) the
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willful engaging by the executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct which is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.

"Good Reason" generally means any of the following without the executive'sexecutive’s consent and subject to certain notice and cure periods: (i) subject to certain exceptions, the assignment to the executive of any duties inconsistent with the executive'sexecutive’s position, including any change in status, authority, duties or responsibilities or any other action that results in a material diminution in such status, authority, duties or responsibilities; (ii) a reduction in the executive'sexecutive’s base salary; (iii) the relocation of the executive'sexecutive’s office to a location more than 50 miles outsidefrom West Des Moines, Iowa; (iv) unless a plan providing a substantially similar compensation or benefit is substituted, (a) the Company'sCompany’s failure to continue in effect any fringe benefit or compensation plan, retirement plan, life insurance plan, health and accident plan or disability plan in which the executive is participating prior to the change in control which adversely affects the executive'sexecutive’s total compensation in a material manner, or (b) the Company'sCompany’s action that adversely affects the executive'sexecutive’s participation in or materially reduces or deprives him of his benefits under, such plans; or (v) the Company'sCompany’s failure to obtain the assumption of the change in control agreement in writing by a successor.

During the term of the change in control agreement and during the period in which the executive iswould have been entitled to continued salaryreceive salary-based payments, the executive may notwould have been prohibited from (i) solicitsoliciting or enticeenticing any other employee to leave us or our affiliates to go to work for any competitor, or (ii) requestrequesting or adviseadvising a customer or client of ours or our affiliates to curtail or cancel its business relationship with us or our affiliates.

If a Qualifying

Change in Control Termination of a named executive officer occurs within thirty-six months following a change in control, the named executive officerSeverance Benefits would be entitledhave included:
salary payments equal to receive the following, in addition to the Accrued Amounts described above:

Salary continuation payments for three years payable in installments(or two years, for Mr. MatovinaAndré and payable in a lump sum for Mr. Johnson, Mr. Grensteiner, Mr. Lorenzen and Ms. Montz;Hamalainen);


A cash lump sum equal to the amount of the target annual bonus that the executive would receive for the year in which the executive's termination occurs, prorated through the date of termination;

Aa cash lump sum equal to three times (or two times, for Mr. André and Mr. Hamalainen) the executive'sexecutive’s target annual bonus;STIP award;


Automaticautomatic vesting of unvested stock options (we reported these at year-end 2021 closing stock price less option exercise price), unvested shares of time-based restricted stock, unvested performance-basedTime RSUs and Performance RSUs at target performance levels and unvested time-based RSUs;(we report these at year-end 2021 closing stock price); and


Continuationcontinuation of health, dental and life insurance benefits during the salary continuation period.

Mr. Johnson's, Mr. Grensteiner's, Mr. Lorenzen's and Ms. Montz's change in control agreements provide that ifperiod, which we report at our estimated cost.

All payments would have been made net of tax withholding; none of the named executive officers is entitled to a tax gross-up. If an executive's payments and benefits provided to them would constitutehave been an "excess parachute payment" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code, theywe would have their payments and benefits reduced Change in Control Severance Benefits to the highest amount that could be paid without triggering Section 280G of the Code or, if greater, receive the after-tax amount of the payment taking into account the excise tax imposed under Section 4999 of the Code and any applicable federal, state and local taxes.

None of the amounts above includes the impact of any such reduction.

Mr. Matovina's changeJohnson
We entered into a separation agreement with our former Chief Financial Officer, Ted M. Johnson in control2021. Under the agreement, isMr. Johnson separated from employment effective July 16, 2021 and released employment-related claims. The agreement includes various other provisions beneficial to us, including: (i) 18-month non-solicitation of our employees, contractors, and others; (ii) 18-month non-compete, limited to specified firms; (iii) cooperation on our matters; (iv) non-disparagement of us and our associates (we also agreed to inform our officers and directors not to disparage Mr. Johnson); (v) maintaining confidentiality; and (vi) no longer in effect following his retirement on April 16, 2020. Mr. Matovina's change in control agreement provided that he would also receive an amount equalassistance to a full gross-up for any excise tax incurredthird party in a dispute with us, except as required by himlaw or pursued by a regulator. Mr. Johnson did not meet his obligations under the agreement, which resulted in non-payment of the benefits of his agreement.
Mr. Uzuner
We entered into a separation agreement with our former Chief Investment Officer, Asset Management, Tolga Uzuner, under the Transition Plan in 2021. We offered and paid Mr. Uzuner benefits as a result of receiving change in control payments.

The following table sets forthdetermined under the estimated amount of compensation each named executive officer would receive upon a Qualifying Change in Control Termination that took place on December 31, 2019. No target annual bonus

Transition Plan and his Special Performance Vesting Stock Options.

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amounts are included for the year of termination since such bonus amounts are earned for a termination occurring on December 31.


 
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control
Name
Base
Salary
Continuation
($)

Bonus(1)
($)

Value of
Acceleration
of Restricted
Stock and
Restricted
Stock Units(2)
($)

Excise Tax
Gross Up(3)
($)

Group
Insurance
Benefits
($)

Total
($)

John M. Matovina

2,700,0002,700,0003,136,6643,824,42499,97012,461,058

Ted M. Johnson

1,668,0001,167,6001,401,66382,8744,320,137

Ronald J. Grensteiner

1,698,0001,188,6001,427,82597,6464,412,071

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen

1,479,0001,035,3001,224,83586,9353,826,070

Renee D. Montz

1,374,000961,8001,153,19180,1963,569,187
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(1)
The bonus amount is three times the target annual bonus under the 2019 Program described above under "Short-Term Incentive Compensation for 2019" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis.

(2)
Our time-based restricted stock awards, performance-based RSU awards and time-based RSU awards provide for automatic vesting upon a change in control or upon death or disability. For information concerning unvested time-based restricted stock, performance-based RSUs and time-based RSUs, see "Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2019" in the Executive Compensation Tables. These values were calculated based on the closing market price of the Common Stock on December 31, 2019 and the assumption that the target number of shares for performance-based RSUs vest.

(3)
This calculation assumes a total effective rate of state and federal income taxes of 48%.

CEO Pay Ratio

We are required to

SEC rules require that we disclose the ratio of the median annual total compensation of all employees (except our Chief Executive Officer) to the annual total compensation of our Chief Executive Officer. ForOfficer to that of the purposesmedian employee. We and other companies use reasonable estimates, assumptions, and methods consistent with SEC rules to prepare information that we believe best fits our circumstances, rather than a rigid, uniform approach. As a result, we believe that comparisons between this information and other companies' disclosure will not necessarily be useful.
Since we added a significant number of this disclosure,employees in 2021, our median employee is different from whom we used to calculate our pay ratio for 2020. To identify our median employee, we identified everyone we consider an employee under relevant U.S. tax rules during 2021, which covered approximately 930 entirely U.S.-based employees. We totaled each employee's salary earnings in 2021 and cash incentives paid during 2021, and annualized for employees who served for only part of 2021. We did not make any cost-of-living adjustments or account for any regional pay differences.
We calculated our median employee’s total compensation under the median employee, excludingSEC rules required for our Chief Executive Officer based on the Summary Compensation Table. We then added $18,073, our payroll as of December 31, 2019. Thecost for company-provided group medical insurance for our Chief Executive Officer, and $17,124 on the same basis for our median employee was determined using a consistently applied compensation measure, which wasemployee. Using this methodology, our median employee’s total cash compensation from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019. Total cash compensation included salary, bonus and holiday gift compensation. As permitted by the SEC rules, we annualized only the compensation for those employees who worked on a full-time, permanent basis but were hired after January 1, 2019. The median employee for 20192021 was different from the median employee for 2018 following a comprehensive review of all employee job classifications$104,681 and corresponding salary and bonus market data for each job classification. Adjustments were made to individual employee salaries and bonuses as necessary to reflect current salary and bonus market data. The consistently applied compensation measure,our Chief Executive Officer’s 2021 total cash compensation was identical for 2019 and 2018.

For 2019, the compensation$7,643,899. The resulting ratio of our Chief Executive Officer was $4,459,672 andOfficer’s total compensation to the compensation of our median employee total compensation was $76,795, resulting in a CEO pay ratio of 58:approximately 73:1.

This ratio represents a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with SEC rules based on our payroll records and the methodology described above. Significant flexibility is provided to companies in determining their median employee, and our ratio may not be useful for comparison to those reported by other companies, including those in our peer group and industry.

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Proposal 3—Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation

As discussed in "Compensation Discussion and Analysis," our compensation policies and programs are designed to attract and retain highly qualified and motivated executive officers and employees, encourage and reward achievement of our annual and long-term goals and encourage executive officers and employees to become shareholders with interests aligned with those of other shareholders. The primary elements of compensation for most of our executive officers include: (1) base pay; (2) annual cash incentive compensation; and (3) long-term equity compensation. A substantial portion of the compensation awarded each year to our executive officers is variable based on achieving performance objectives. This compensation structure is central to the Company's ability to attract, retain and motivate individuals who can achieve superior financial results. Please refer to "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" for an overview of the compensation of the Company's named executive officers.

A primary focus of the Compensation Committee is whether the Company's executive compensation program serves the best interests of the Company's shareholders. At the Company's 2019 Annual Meeting, 75% of the votes cast by shareholders approved the executive compensation program described in the proxy statement for that meeting. This outcome was appreciably below the average affirmative vote of 95% for the preceding five years. Please refer to "2019 Compensation Performance and Compensation Highlights" in the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" for additional commentary on the prior year vote and the modifications to the Company's executive officer compensation program and practices that have been made since that vote.

Pursuant to Section 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), we are asking for shareholder approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement in accordance with SEC rules under "Compensation Discussion and Analysis," the related compensation tables and the narrative discussion following the compensation tables. This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our named executive officers and the policies and practices described in this proxy statement. Accordingly, we ask our shareholders to vote on the following resolution:

"RESOLVED, the shareholders of American Equity Investment Life Holding Company approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the Company's named executive officers as disclosed in the Company's
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2022 Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the 2019 Summary Compensation Table and the other related tables and disclosures."

















[This vote is advisory and not bindingpage intentionally left blank.]
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Additional Information

2022 Shareholder Meeting Information

Accessing Proxy Materials
We are mailing a hard copy Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the Notice) to our shareholders on the Company, the Compensation Committee or the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors and Compensation Committee value the opinions of the Company's shareholders. To the extent there is a significant vote against the named executive officer compensation as disclosed inabout April 28, 2022. We are making this proxy statement weand our Annual Report to Shareholders available on the Internet instead of mailing a printed copy to each shareholder. The Notice includes instructions to access and review all of the information contained in these documents on the Internet, as well as how to submit a proxy on the Internet.
To request a printed copy of our proxy materials, follow the Notice instructions. Shareholders may request to receive either hard copy proxy materials or electronically by email, and either choice will consider those shareholders' concerns,remain in effect until the shareholder terminates it. Choosing to receive proxy materials by email will save paper, printing costs, and mailing costs, and will conserve resources.

Voting
Only shareholders as of the Boardclose of Directors and Compensation Committeebusiness on the record date, April 12, 2022, will evaluate whether any actions are necessary to address those concerns. We currently provide our shareholders with the opportunitybe entitled to vote at the 2022 Annual Shareholder Meeting.
If you vote by proxy, the individuals named on the compensationproxy card will vote your shares in the manner you indicate.
If you are a registered shareholder (that is, you own shares in your own name and not through a bank, broker, or another record holder), you may vote without attending the meeting in person by telephone, through the Internet, or by completing a paper proxy card and returning it by mail. Please see the Notice of Annual Meeting in this document or your proxy card for instructions on how to access the telephone and Internet voting systems.
If you hold your shares in "street name" through a bank, broker, or other record holder, including through our named executive officersESOP, your record holder will advise you how you can vote without attending the meeting in person.
You may revoke your proxy at each annual meeting.

any time prior to the close of voting at the Annual Shareholder Meeting, either in person at the Annual Shareholder Meeting, by writing delivered to our Corporate Secretary, by telephone, or through the Internet, by withdrawing your proxy or granting a proxy bearing a later date.

If a quorum exists, actionyou return the proxy card without indicating your instructions on this proposalhow to vote your shares, the proxies will be approved ifvote your shares as follows:
FOR the votes cast favoringelection of the proposal exceedthree director nominees;
FOR the votes cast opposingratification of the proposal.

The Boardappointment of Directors unanimously recommends you vote EY as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2022; and

FOR the approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement.
If any other matter is presented at the Annual Shareholder Meeting, your proxies will vote in accordance with their best judgment. At the time this proxy statement pursuantwas printed, we knew of no other matters to be addressed at the Annual Shareholder Meeting.
If you attend the Annual Shareholder Meeting in person, you may either vote by proxy in advance as described above or you may vote in person at the Annual Shareholder Meeting.
We encourage you to vote by telephone or through the internet using the instructions in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials and on your proxy card.
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Attending the Annual Shareholder Meeting in Person
Shareholders may attend the Annual Shareholder Meeting in person. If you or your proxy plan to attend the Annual Shareholder Meeting in person and your share ownership is registered in your own name (i.e., you are a "record holder"), you may indicate your plans to do so when you submit your proxy in advance. We maintain a list of record holders entitled to be present and vote at the Annual Shareholder Meeting, which will be available for inspection by record holders at our principal executive offices beginning approximately two days after we provide notice of that meeting and at the Annual Shareholder Meeting. If you plan to attend the meeting, please bring proof of identity; feel free to also bring documentation of your ownership, e.g., printout of Computershare records, in case need arises.
If you plan to attend in person and you hold your shares in "street name" through a bank, broker, or other record holder, including through our ESOP, contact the bank, broker or other record holder in whose name your shares are registered to obtain a broker’s proxy card and bring it with you to the compensation disclosure rules ofAnnual Shareholder Meeting.
Householding
The SEC permits companies and intermediaries, such as a brokerage firm or a bank, to satisfy the SEC.

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Proposal 4—Approval of the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amendeddelivery requirements for Notices and Restated Equity Incentive Plan

The Board of Directors (the "Board") is requesting shareholder approval of amending and restating the Company's 2016 Employee Incentive Plan (the "Plan") including renaming the Plan the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan.

The Plan was approved by shareholders on June 2, 2016. The Compensation Committee of the Board (the "Compensation Committee") approved certain amendments to the Plan on September 2, 2016 and February 28, 2019 regarding the Compensation Committee's authority to delegate certain administrative powers to one or more officers of the Company and the satisfaction of the Company's obligations to withhold taxesproxy materials with respect to awards undertwo or more shareholders sharing the Plan. The amendments were not subjectsame address by delivering only one Notice or set of proxy materials to shareholder approval. On April 6, 2020, the Board adopted the amendedthat address. This "householding" saves paper, printing costs, and restated Plan, subject to shareholder approval.

The purpose of the amendedmailing costs, and restated Plan is to attract, retain and motivate certain highly qualified employees and directors with outstanding ability by providing competitive equity compensation opportunities. Awards under the amended and restated Plan are also intended to align such employees' and directors' interests with shareholder interests.

Proposed Amendments to the Plan

Material amendments to the Plan would (a) increase the number of shares of common stock of the Company ("Shares") reserved for issuance under the Plan; (b) extend the termination date of the Plan; (c) allow for awards to be granted to members of the Board or members of the Board of Directors of any Affiliate (as defined in the amended and restated Plan) of the Company (such awards, "Director Awards", and such individuals "Directors"); (d) increase the annual individual award limit for employee participants; (e) address changes in the federal income tax laws; and (f) reflect general updates to align with current compensation and benefits best practices (such amendments described in (a)-(f) are referred to herein as the "Proposed Amendments").

Increase in Number of Shares.    The Proposed Amendments increase the number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan by 3,000,000 from 2,500,000 to 5,500,000. These 3,000,000 shares represent 3.3%conserves resources. Certain of our outstanding Shares at December 31, 2019. We carefully manage share usage under the Plan; over the last three calendar years, our annual burn rate has averaged 0.38%. For the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, we granted annual equity awardsshareholders whose shares are held in street name and who have consented to employees and non-employee directors covering 325,000 shares. householding will receive only one Notice or set of proxy materials per household.

If approved, the additional Shares will help ensure that a sufficient reserve of Shares remains available for issuance to allow us to continue to use equity awards to attract and retain the services of key employees and Directors who are essential to the Company's long-term success.

Extend Termination Date.    The Proposed Amendments extend the termination date of the Plan from June 30, 2026 to May 31, 2030. This extension will permit the Compensation Committee to continue to utilize equity-based compensation as part of our employee and non-employee Director compensation program.

Awards Granted to Members of the Board of Directors.    The Proposed Amendments allow for awards under the amended and restated Plan to be granted to non-employee Directors. If shareholders approve the amended and restated Plan, no new awards will be granted to non-employee Directors under the 2013 Director Equity and Incentive Plan and Director awards will instead be granted under the amended and restated Plan, provided that the termination of our grant authority under the Director Plan will not affect outstanding awards.

Increase in Annual Individual Award Limit for Employee Participants.    The Proposed Amendments increase the maximum number of Shares that may be subject to awards granted to any employee participant in any calendar year to 400,000 Shares from 300,000 Shares. This increase will provide the Compensation Committee with additional flexibility over the term of the amended and restated Plan.

Changes in Federal Tax Laws.    The Proposed Amendments address changes in federal income tax laws with respect to compensation in excess of $1 million paid to certain executive officers of public companies. For taxable years prior to 2018, compensation paid to our executive officers in excess of $1 million was not deductible unless it qualified as "performance-based compensation" under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The "performance-based compensation" exemption was repealed as part of federal tax

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legislation passed in December 2017. Accordingly, the amended and restated Plan removes certain provisions and requirements that were included in the Plan for equity awards to qualify as "performance-based compensation" under the prior version of Section 162(m).

Additional Information Regarding Share Increase

The Company relies on equity awards generally in the form of performance-based and time-based RSUs and time-based RSAs. Please see "Long-Term Equity Compensation Awarded for 2019" and "Compensation Decisions Relating to 2020 Compensation" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis of this proxy statement for information on the Company's equity awards to named executive officers for 2019 and 2020, respectively, and Director Compensation of this proxy statement for information on the Company's equity awards to non-employee Directors. Please also see Note 11 Retirement and Share-based Compensation Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2019 for information on the Company's share-based compensation plans for the previous three fiscal years.

In determining the scope of the proposed Share increase from 2,500,000 Shares to 5,500,000 Shares, management and the Board evaluated share usage, burn rate, overhang (dilution), and the existing terms of outstanding equity awards. If approved, there will be approximately 4,350,000 Shares, or less than 5% of the 91,107,555 Shares outstanding at December 31, 2019, available for issuance under the amended and restated Plan. The Board, the Compensation Committee and management believe the increased dilution that may result from the Share increase remains consistent with shareholder interests.

Two metrics the Company uses to assess the impact of its equity compensation programs are burn rate and overhang. Burn rate, or the percentage obtained by dividing the total equity awards granted in a fiscal year by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for the fiscal year used in the computation of earnings per common share—assuming dilution, is a measure that shows how rapidly a company is depleting the shares reserved for its equity compensation plans. Our burn rate averaged 0.38% over the last three fiscal years. Our burn rate, using the Institutional Shareholder Services formula which applies an adjustment factor based on annual volatility to full value awards, averaged 0.96% over the last three fiscal years.

Overhang measures potential shareholder dilution and is equal to the number of shares subject to outstanding equity awards, plus the number of shares available to be granted, divided by the total shares of common stock outstanding at the end of the year. Over the last three fiscal years, our overhang has averaged 5.4% (4.3% for December 31, 2019). If the 3,000,000 additional Shares requested in this Proposal are added to the number of shares available for grant at March 31, 2020, our overhang as of that dateyou would be 6.3%.

Material Features of the Amended and Restated Plan

The following is a summary of certain provisions of the amended and restated Plan and is qualified by reference to the complete text of the amended and restated Plan, which is included as Appendix A to this proxy statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Administration.    The amended and restated Plan will continue to be administered by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee has discretionary authority, subject only to the express provisions of the amended and restated Plan, to (i) interpret the amended and restated Plan; (ii) determine eligibility and grant awards; (iii) determine, modify or waive the terms and conditions of any award; (iv) prescribe forms, rules and procedures; and (v) otherwise do all things necessary to fulfill the purposes of the amended and restated Plan.

Subject to certain limitations, the Compensation Committee may delegate to one or more officers of the Company the authority to select participantslike to receive awards under the amended and restated Plan and to grant such employee participants awards on such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the termsa separate set of the amended and restated Plan, as such officer or officers will determine.

Participation and Eligibility.    The Compensation Committee will continue to select employees and will be permitted to select non-employee Directors who will be granted awards under the amended and restated Plan on the basis of their past, current and anticipated contributions to the creation of value for the Company and its shareholders. Such employees and non-employee Directors include employees and non-employee Directors of the Company and our Affiliates. No other service providers, such as independent contractors, are eligible to participate in the amended and restated Plan.

As of April 9, 2020, 100% of our employees were eligible to participate in the Plan and 55 were participating, including two employees who are also Directors. Non-employee Directors, of which there are currently 10, would

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also be eligible to participate in the amended and restated Plan and 100% of our employees would continue to be eligible to participate in the amended and restated Plan.

Number of Shares and Share Recycling.    The amended and restated Plan provides for issuance of up to 5,500,000 Shares, which includes 3,000,000 new Shares. Each Share issued pursuant to an award under the amended and restated Plan will be counted against the shares authorized for issuance under the amended and restated Plan. Awards may consist of stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock awards ("RSAs") or restricted stock units ("RSUs") to employees or non-employee Directors, provided that non-employee Directors are not eligible to receive incentive stock options ("ISOs"). The maximum number of Shares subject to stock options granted to any participant, and that may be granted as SARs, RSAs and RSUs to any participant, will not exceed an aggregate of 400,000 Shares in any calendar year for employee participants and an aggregate of 25,000 Shares in any calendar year for non-employee Director participants.

The amended and restated Plan provides for the reversion of Shares to the amended and restated Plan only if awards expire, are terminated or are canceled without having been exercised or settled in full, or if Shares are forfeited or repurchased by the Company for an amount not greater than the participant's purchase price. Awards settled in cash or other property (other than Shares) will continue to result in Shares not being deemed to have been issued, and such Shares will again be available for issuance under the amended and restated Plan. Shares withheld from an award to satisfy tax obligations or pay the exercise price of an award will not be available for issuance under the amended and restated Plan. Additionally, any Shares that are repurchased by the Company using proceeds received by the Company from the exercise of any stock options or SARs or from the payment of any purchase price with respect to any other award will not be added to the aggregate number of Shares available for awards under the amended and restated Plan.

In the event of a stock dividend or other similar distribution of Company securities, a stock split or other combination of shares, recapitalization, conversion, reorganization, consolidation, spin-off, merger, exchange of stock, or certain other changes in the capital structure of the Company or other occurrences or events, the Compensation Committee will continue to make appropriate adjustments to the maximum number of Shares that may be delivered with respect to awards under the amended and restated Plan, the number and kind of Shares or securities subject to awards then outstanding or subsequently granted, the exercise prices or base values relating to outstanding awards, and any other provision of awards affected by such change.

Stock Options.    Stock options granted under the amended and restated Plan will be either ISOs or Non-Qualified Stock Options ("NQSOs") as designated by the Compensation Committee. The exercise price of stock options may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a Share on the date of grant, and may not be less than 110% of fair market value of a Share on the date of grant for ISOs granted to employees described in Section 422(b) of the Code. The option period for options granted to participants will be determined by the Compensation Committee subject to certain statutory requirements for ISOs and provided that an option shall not be exercisable after ten years from its date of grant. Up to 3,000,000 Shares available under the amended and restated Plan may be made subject to the grant of ISOs.

SARs.    The Compensation Committee may grant rights to receive any excess in value of Shares over the base value of the rights. SARs will be settled in cash, Shares or other securities of the Company. The base value of each SAR will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a Share on the date of grant. The expiration date for each SAR shall not be more than ten years from the date of grant.

RSAs.    The Compensation Committee may grant awards of Shares subject to forfeiture and determine the duration of the period during which, and the conditions under which, the Shares may be forfeited and the other terms and conditions of such awards.

RSUs.    The Compensation Committee may grant awards consisting of units representing Shares. Each RSU represents the unfunded and unsecured commitment of the Company to deliver to the participant at a specified future date or dates one or more Shares or, if specified in the award, cash equal to the fair market value of the award, subject to the satisfaction of any vesting and other terms and conditions established with respect to the award by the Compensation Committee.

Dividends and Cash Settlement.    The Compensation Committee may provide that any award includes dividends or dividend equivalents payable (in cashproxy materials now or in the formfuture, or if your household is currently receiving multiple copies of awards under the amendedsame items and restated Plan) currently or deferred with or without interest and may also provide for cash settlement of awards. Under the Proposed Amendments, dividends or dividend equivalents mayyou would like to receive only become payable if (and to the extent that) the underlying award vests.

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Vesting.    The Compensation Committee will establish a specific vesting schedulesingle copy at your address in the applicable agreement evidencingfuture, please contact Investor Relations, at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266 (1-888-221-1234, ext. 3602) and indicate your name, the grant of any awards. Subject to the provisions of the amended and restated Plan, vesting generally will automatically accelerate upon termination due to the participant's death, disability or retirement.

Minimum Vesting Period.    The amended and restated Plan generally requires a minimum vesting period of one year from the date of grant for awards granted under the amended and restated Plan. The Compensation Committee may grant awards that vest within a year due to certain circumstances as specified in the amended and restated Plan. Additionally, up to 5% of the Shares authorized for issuance under the amended and restated Plan can be granted with a vesting period of less than one year.

Termination of Employment or Director Service.    Unless expressly provided otherwise by the Compensation Committee, upon a participant's termination other than by reason of death, disability, retirement (with respect to RSAs and RSUs), or certain events in connection with a Change in Control, as described in the amended and restated Plan, a participant's awards requiring exercise will generally cease to be exercisable and will terminate to the extent such awards are unvested, will be limited to the shares purchasable as of the date of the termination and, to the extent not already fully vested, will be forfeited. Generally, award privileges expire sixty days from the date of termination unless modified by the Compensation Committee. Upon a termination of an employee for cause, awards terminate at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.

Performance-Based Awards.    Awards may be granted subject to the achievement of pre-determined performance criteria, as may be determined by the Compensation Committee. Performance objectives may be described in terms of Company (consolidated), Affiliate or business unit performance, either absolute or by relative comparison to other companies or any other external measure of the selected criteria.

Change in Control.    Unless otherwise provided in the applicable award agreement, in the event of a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee will provide for the assumption, substitution or continuance of some or all of the outstanding awards under the amended and restated Plan or, alternatively, the cash out and termination of such awards, pursuant to the terms of the amended and restated Plan.

Employee Awards.    Awards then outstanding under the amended and restated Plan that have been granted to employees will not be subject to cancellation, acceleration of vesting, lapse of restrictions, payment or settlement so long as such awards are honored, assumed or substituted by a successor in accordance with the amended and restated Plan (such honored, assumed or substituted awards are hereinafter called "Alternative Awards"). Alternative Awards must have substantially equivalent economic value as the original award and must satisfy several conditions including providing the participant with rights and entitlements that are substantially equivalent or better than the rights, terms and conditions applicable under the original award.

If outstanding employee awards are not honored, assumed or substituted, unless otherwise provided in the applicable award agreement or specifically prohibited under law or by the rules and regulations of the applicable exchange on which the Shares are then publicly traded, the vesting or exercisabilityname of each outstanding award will automatically accelerateof your brokerage firms or banks where your shares are held, and become fully vested or exercisable for the full number of Shares purchasable or cash payable under the award to the extent not previously exercisedyour account numbers.


Quorum and will remain exercisable for the original term of the award. For awards with performance periods that have been completed as of the date of the Change in Control but not yet paid, performance criteria will be deemed to be achieved at actual performance. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable award agreement, for awards with performance periods that are in progress as of the date of the Change in Control, performance goals will be deemed to be achieved at 100% of target levels for the entire performance period (not pro-rata).

Non-employee Director Awards.    Unless otherwise provided in the applicable award agreement, each award then outstanding under the amended and restated Plan that was granted to a non-employee Director, will become fully vested and, if applicable, exercisable and the restrictions, payment conditions and forfeiture conditions applicable to any such award will lapse.

Successors.    Any obligations of the Company or an Affiliate under the amended and restated Plan with respect to awards granted thereunder will be binding on any successor to the Company or Affiliate, respectively, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or Affiliate, as applicable.

Limited Transferability of Awards.    No award may be transferred other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution and may be exercised during the life of a participant only by the participant, except that, as to stock options other than ISOs, the Compensation Committee may in its sole discretion permit certain transfers to the participant's family members, to certain entities controlled by the participant or his or her family members or to a

Votes Required

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trust or similar vehicle for the benefit of the participant's family members. Moreover, RSUs may not be sold, assigned, pledged or otherwise encumbered and RSAs may not be sold, assigned, pledged or otherwise encumbered before their restrictions lapse.

Repricing Prohibited.    The repricing of stock options or SARs, including canceling an outstanding stock option or SAR grant in exchange for cash, other property or awards or providing a new grant in substitution, is prohibited by the amended and restated Plan. This provision cannot be amended without shareholder approval.

Cancellation and Rescission of Awards and Forfeiture Events.    Unless otherwise specified in an applicable award agreement, the Compensation Committee may cancel, rescind, withhold or otherwise limit or restrict any unexpired or unpaid award at any time if the participant is not in compliance with all applicable provisions of the award agreement and the amended and restated Plan, or in the case of an employee participant, if the employee participant engages in any detrimental activity. In addition to any forfeiture provisions otherwise applicable to an award, an employee participant's right to any payment or benefits with respect to an award is subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture, clawback or recoupment (a) in accordance with any clawback, recoupment or similar policy of the Company as in effect from time to time or (b) as required by applicable law.

Amendment.    The Compensation Committee may amend, suspend or terminate the amended and restated Plan or any portion thereof at any time, subject to any shareholder approval the Compensation Committee deems necessary to comply with any law or the listing standards and rules of the applicable exchange on which the Shares are then publicly traded. No such amendment, modification or termination may materially and adversely affect the rights of any participant under any award previously granted without his or her consent, with limited exceptions, such as upon a change in control.

Term.    Unless sooner terminated by the Board, the amended and restated Plan will expire on May 31, 2030, and no awards may be granted after such date.

Federal Tax Consequences.    The following paragraphs are a summary of the general federal tax consequences to U.S. taxpayers and the Company of equity awards granted under the amended and restated Plan. Tax consequences for any particular individual may be different. As the rules governing the tax treatment of such awards are quite technical, the following discussion of tax consequences is necessarily general in nature and does not purport to be complete. In addition, statutory provisions and their interpretations are subject to change, and their application may vary in individual circumstances. This discussion does not address the tax consequences under applicable state and local law.

NQSOs.    Under current federal income tax regulations, no income tax consequences will be recognized by either the participant or the Company upon the grant of a NQSO. Upon the exercise of an NQSO, the participant will realize ordinary income in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the Shares on the date of exercise over the exercise cost of the NQSO. The gain or loss realized by the participant upon the subsequent sale of the Shares acquired upon exercise of an NQSO will constitute short- or long-term capital gain or loss, depending on the length of time the Shares were held after exercise.

ISOs.    Under current federal income tax regulations, no taxable income is generally reportable when an ISO is granted or exercised (except for purposes of the alternative minimum tax, in which case taxation is the same as for NQSOs). If the participant exercises the ISO and then later sells or otherwise disposes of the Shares more than two years after the grant date and more than one year after the exercise date, the difference between the sale price and the exercise cost will be taxed as capital gain or loss. In such case, the Company is not entitled to a corresponding income tax deduction.

If the participant exercises the ISO and then later sells or otherwise disposes of the Shares before the end of the two- or one-year holding periods described above (a "disqualifying disposition"), the participant generallyWe will have ordinary incomea quorum at the time of the sale equal to the fair market valueour Annual Shareholder Meeting if a majority of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to cast votes on at least one matter at the exercise date (or the sale price, if less) minus the exercise costmeeting is present in person or by proxy. Shares whose vote is abstained, withheld for any director, and broker non-votes, will count for quorum purposes. We have appointed Alliance Advisors, L.L.C. inspector of the option.election. Our by-laws provide for confidential voting. In accordance with our articles of incorporation, stockholders do not have the right to cumulate their votes for the election of directors.

If you hold shares in the name of a bank, broker or another record holder, your record holder will provide instructions on how to vote your shares. Your record holder may exercise discretion to vote your shares on Proposal 2, a "routine matter," even if you provide no event, however,instructions. Proposals 1 and 3 are not "routine matters;" record holders may not vote your shares on these matters unless you give them voting instructions.
Assuming a quorum is present, directors will the amount of this ordinary income exceed the difference between the exercise costbe elected (Proposal 1) by a plurality of the ISOvotes cast by the shares entitled to vote, and the amount realized on such disqualifying disposition. Any remaining gain or loss will be treated as a short- or long-term capital gain or loss, depending upon how long the participant holds the Shares.

SARs.    Under current federal income tax regulations, no income tax consequences will be recognized by either the participant or the Company upon the grant of a SAR. Upon exercise of a SAR, the participant will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the fair market value of any cash, Shares or other securitieseach of the Company received. The gain or loss, realized by the participant upon the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon exercise of a SAR

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will constitute short- or long-term capital gain or loss, depending on the length of time the Shares were held after exercise.

RSAs.    Under current federal income tax regulations, unless a participant who receives an RSA makes an election under Section 83(b) of the Code ("Section 83(b)"), generally no income tax consequences will be recognized by either the participant or the Company upon the grant of an RSA. On the date the restrictions lapse and the Shares vest (that is, become transferable and no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture), the participant will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Shares on that date over the amount, if any, paid for those Shares.

If a participant makes a Section 83(b) election to recognize ordinary income on the date the RSA is granted, the amount of ordinary income recognized is an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Shares on the date of grant over the amount, if any, paid for those Shares. In that case, the participant will not be required to recognize additional ordinary income when the restrictions lapse and the Shares vest.

The gain or loss realized by the participant upon a subsequent sale of the Shares after the vesting date of the RSAs, will constitute short- or long-term capital gain or loss, depending on the length of time the Shares were held after the vesting date if no Section 83(b) election was made and after the grant date if a Section 83(b) election was made.

RSUs.    Under current federal income tax regulations, generally no income tax consequences will be recognized by either the participant or the Company upon the grant of an RSU. On the date the RSU settles, the participant will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the fair market value of the RSU as of the vesting date or the date of the Compensation Committee's certification of the performance. The gain or loss, realized by the participant upon a subsequent sale of the Shares after the vesting date of the RSUs, will constitute short- or long-term capital gain or loss, depending on the length of time the Shares were held after the settlement date.

Dividends and Dividend Equivalents.    Dividend and dividend equivalents are generally taxable as compensation (ordinary income), and not dividend income, when received by the participant.

General Tax Effect for the Company or an Affiliate.    The Company or an Affiliate generally will be entitled to an income tax deduction in connection with an award under the amended and restated Plan in an amount equal to the ordinary income realized by a participant and at the time the participant recognizes such income (for example, upon the exercise of an NQSO). Moreover, if a participant recognizes ordinary income due to a disqualifying disposition of an ISO, the Company would generally be entitled to an income deduction in the same amount.

Tax Withholding.    Any ordinary taxable income realized by an employee participant will generally be subject to income and payroll tax withholding by the Company at the time the taxable income is recognized by the employee participant. The Compensation Committee may allow for the satisfaction of such tax withholding obligations with Shares, including Shares retained by the Company from the settlement of an award.

Section 409A.    Awards under the amended and restated Plan are intended either to be exempt from the rules of Section 409A of the Code ("Section 409A") or to satisfy those rules and will be construed accordingly. Granted awards may be modified at any time, in the Compensation Committee's discretion, so as to increase the likelihood of exemption from or compliance with the rules of Section 409A.

New Plan Benefits

Awards under the amended and restated Plan are discretionary and depend on a number of factors including the fair market value of a Share on future dates. Accordingly, the benefits that will be granted or paid under the amended and restated Plan are not currently determinable.

Registration with the SEC and Listing with the NYSE

We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 with the SEC and a listing application with the New York Stock Exchange covering the 3,000,000 additional Shares that will be reserved for issuance under the amended and restated Plan.

If a quorum exists, action on this proposalother proposals will be approved if the votes cast favoring the proposalin favor exceed the votes cast opposingopposing. In each case, any abstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on the proposal.

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends you vote FOR approval ofoutcome.

We expect to announce preliminary voting results at the American Equity Investment Life HoldingAnnual Shareholder Meeting and publish preliminary or final voting results in a Form 8-K within four business days following the meeting. If only preliminary voting results are available for reporting in the Form 8-K, the Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan.

will amend the Form 8-K to report final voting results within four business days after the final voting results are known.
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Table

We have a single class of Contentsvoting common stock, $1 par value per share, of which 94,316,132 shares were outstanding at close of business on the record date, and therefore entitled to vote at the Annual Shareholder Meeting. Each share is entitled to one vote.

Additional Information

Security Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners

The following table sets forth thereports beneficial ownership of our Common Stockcommon stock as of March 31, 2020 by: (i) eachApril 12, 2022, to the best of our knowledge.

Amount and Nature of Common Stock Beneficial Ownership
Name of Beneficial Owner*Common Stock
(#)
Exercisable Stock Options and Deferred Shares
(#)
Total
(#)
Series A
Preferred Stock
(#)
Anant Bhalla28,281197,831226,112
Axel André
Jeffrey D. Lorenzen58,91238,31097,222
Ronald J. Grensteiner88,30316,834105,137
James L. Hamalainen3,51157,31860,8292,000
Tolga Uzuner50,00050,000
Ted M. Johnson63,71063,710
David S. Mulcahy121,460121,460
Joyce A. Chapman51,54951,549
Brenda J. Cushing16,02116,021
James M. Gerlach232,688232,688
Douglas T. Healy38,65838,658
Robert L. Howe72,3789,00081,378
William R. Kunkel59,24659,246
Alan D. Matula29,24129,241
Gerard D. Neugent41,24014,00055,240
Sachin Shah5,1215,121
A.J. Strickland, III293,121293,121
All active directors and executive officers, including but not limited to those active individuals listed above, as a group1,140,204359,1921,499,3962,000
*As of April 12, 2022, no director, anddirector nominee, for director; (ii) our chiefor executive officer, our chief financial officer and eachbeneficially owned 1% or more of the total outstanding shares of our other three most highly compensated executive officers; (iii) allcommon stock or series A preferred stock. All active directors and executive officers, directors and nominees for directorsincluding but not limited to those active individuals listed in this table, as a group; and (iv) each shareholder known by usgroup beneficially owned 1.59% of our common stock outstanding as of April 12, 2022.

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2022 Proxy Statement
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners

The following persons have reported to be the SEC beneficial ownerownership of more than 5%five percent of our Common Stock. On March 31, 2020, there were 91,522,423 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

outstanding common stock.
Name and address of beneficial ownerAmount and Nature of Beneficial OwnershipPercent of Class (6)
Macquarie Group Limited (1)
50 Martin Place Sydney
New South Wales, Australia
5,141,5435.55%
The Vanguard Group (2)
100 Vanguard Blvd.
Malvern, PA 19355
9,899,97710.7%
Dimensional Fund Advisors LP (3)
6300 Bee Cave Road
Building One
Austin, TX 78746
6,710,5707.3%
BlackRock, Inc. (4)
55 East 52nd Street
New York, NY 10055
13,268,08014.3%
Brookfield Asset Management Reinsurance Partners Ltd. (5)
73 Front Street, 5th Floor
Hamilton, HM 12
Bermuda
15,886,16316%
 
Shares Beneficially
Owned(1)
 
 
Options included in
Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned(2)

Name of Beneficial Owner
Number
Percent

John M. Matovina(3)

255,603*

Ted M. Johnson(3)

111,000*

Ronald J. Grensteiner(3)(4)

141,231*

Jeffrey D. Lorenzen(3)

64,118*

Renee D. Montz(3)

40,892*

Anant Bhalla

50,171*

Joyce A. Chapman

53,950*29,000

Brenda J. Cushing

8,800*

James M. Gerlach

225,467*

Robert L. Howe

80,300*29,000

Michelle M. Keeley

*

William R. Kunkel

52,025*

Alan D. Matula

22,020*

David S. Mulcahy

104,239*

Gerard D. Neugent(5)

104,603*29,000

Debra J. Richardson(3)

131,810*27,750

A. J. Strickland, III

285,900*29,000

All executive officers, directors and nominees for director as a group (19 persons)

1,780,8221.94%143,750

5% Owners:

   

BlackRock, Inc
55 East 52nd Street
New York, NY 10055(6)

12,662,11913.83% 

The Vanguard Group
100 Vanguard Blvd.
Malvern, PA 19355(7)



10,606,91911.59%

Dimensional Fund Advisors LP
Building One
6300 Bee Cave Road
Austin, TX 78746(8)

7,578,9388.28% 

Macquarie Group Limited
50 Martin Place
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia(9)



5,688,9846.22%
*
Less than 1%.
(1)

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(1)
Beneficial ownershipThis information is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act and generally includes voting and investment power with respect to securities, subject to community property laws, where applicable.

(2)
This column includes stock options granted pursuant to the 2000 Directors Stock Option Plan, the 2009 Employee Incentive Plan, the 2011 Directors Stock Option Plan and the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan.

(3)
Ownership includes shares held in our ESOP as follows: Mr. Matovina—12,703 shares; Mr. Johnson—13,236; Mr. Grensteiner—12,655 shares; Mr. Lorenzen—11,625 shares; Ms. Montz—4,002 shares. Ms. Richardson's ownership includes 26,479 shares held in the American Equity Officers Rabbi Trust.

(4)
In addition to the shares reflected in this table, Mr. Grensteiner has a non-qualified deferred compensation agreement with us pursuant to which he will receive shares of Common Stockbased solely on a deferred payment basis for services rendered during our initial start-up period. Under this agreement, Mr. Grensteiner is entitled to receive 4,500 shares.

(5)
Mr. Neugent is the trustee of a trust which holds 50,303 shares of Common Stock.

(6)
Based on the Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 4, 2020,11, 2022 by BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock, Inc.Macquarie Group Limited, which reported sole voting power with respect to 12,469,992 shares, sole dispositive power with respect to 12,662,119 shares and no shared voting or dispositive power.

(7)
Basedbeneficial ownership as of December 31, 2021.
(2)This information is based solely on thea Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 12, 2020,9, 2022 by The Vanguard Group, The Vanguard Groupwhich reported sole voting power with respect to 86,530 shares, sole dispositive power with respect to 10,503,824 shares, shared dispositive power with respect to 103,095 shares and shared voting power with respect to 27,457 shares.

(8)
Basedbeneficial ownership as of December 31, 2021.
(3)This information is based solely on thea Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 12, 2020,8, 2022 by Dimensional Fund Advisors LP, Dimensional Fund Advisors LPwhich reported sole voting power with respect to 7,407,686 shares, sole dispositive power with respect to 7,578,938 shares and no shared voting or dispositive power.

(9)
Basedbeneficial ownership as of December 31, 2021.
(4)This information is based solely on thea Schedule 13G13G/A filed with the SEC on February 13, 2020,January 27, 2022 by Macquarie Group Limited, Macquarie Group LimitedBlackRock, Inc., which reported sole voting power of Macquarie Investment Management Holdings Inc. with respect to 5,661,625 shares, sole voting power of Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG with respect to 3,513 shares, sole voting power of Macquarie Investment Management Group Limited with respect to 5,900 shares, sole dispositive power of Macquarie Investment Management Holdings Inc. with respect to 5,661,625 shares, sole dispositive power of Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG with respect to 3,513 shares, sole dispositive power of Macquarie Investment Management Group Limited with respect to 5,900 shares and no shared voting or dispositive power.

Equity Plan Information

The following table sets forth informationbeneficial ownership as of December 31, 2019 concerning plans and arrangements2021.

(5)This information is based solely on a Schedule 13D/A filed with the Company has with its directors, officers, employees and independent insurance agents underSEC on January 14, 2022 by Brookfield Asset Management Reinsurance Partners Ltd., which they have received equity-based rights to receive sharesreported beneficial ownership as of Common Stock. The Company has granted or reserved options, restricted stock and RSUs under the 2000 Directors Stock Option Plan, the 2009 Employee Incentive Plan, the 2010 Independent Insurance Agent Stock Option Plan ("2010 Agent Plan"), the 2011 Directors Stock Option Plan, the 2012 Independent Insurance Agent Stock Option Plan ("2012 Agent Plan"), the 2013 Director Plan, the Amended and Restated 2014 Independent Insurance Agent Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Plan ("2014 Agent Plan") and the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan. This table excludes the proposed share increase under the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan includedJanuary 7, 2022.
(6)Percentage of class as reported in Proposal 4 of this proxy statement, but includes information about securities previously authorized for issuance under the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan and remaining available for future issuance under the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan.

schedules described in footnotes (1) - (5).

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Equity Plan Information
Plan Category
Number of securities
to be issued
upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights(1)
(#)

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights(2)
($)

Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column (a))(3)
(#)

 
(a)
(b)
(c)

Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders

843,27110.472,464,825

Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders

621,41323.07

Total

1,464,68419.912,464,825
(1)
Includes performance-based RSUs (assuming target performance goals are met) granted to employees that have not been earned as of December 31, 2019 as well as RSUs granted under the 2014 Agent Plan that have not been earned as of December 31, 2019.

(2)
Weighted-average exercise price does not take into account performance-based RSUs granted that have not been earned as of December 31, 2019.

(3)
The 2014 Agent Plan terminated as to future awards on February 1, 2020 without affecting the validity of any unvested restricted stock or RSUs. The number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans approved by shareholders includes 711,011 securities under the 2014 Agent Plan.

The 2010 Agent Plan and the 2012 Agent Plan (the "Agent Plans") included in the "Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders" line in the table above are intended to benefit the Company and its shareholders by assisting the Company's wholly-owned operating subsidiary, American Equity Life, in attracting and retaining certain independent agents of outstanding ability and to align the interests of such independent agents with those of the Company's shareholders by increasing their long-term financial stake in the Company's continued success

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through the use of stock options. The 2010 Agent Plan and the 2012 Agent Plan both provided for the issuance of up to an aggregate of 5,500,000 shares of Common Stock. Each of the Agent Plans has terminated as to future awards without affecting the validity of options outstanding. The Agent Plans are administered by the Company's Executive Committee. The Executive Committee has the authority to determine sales production criteria for the receipt of awards, the terms of all awards and provisions relating to vesting and any other terms and conditions or restrictions the Executive Committee deems appropriate. Options awarded under the Agent Plans are not transferable other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. If there is a Change in Control, as defined in the Agent Plans, or the independent insurance agent dies, the vesting of all outstanding options will accelerate and any other restrictions will lapse.

Related Person Transaction Disclosures

It is our policy to enter into or ratify Related Person Transactions (as defined below) only when the Board of Directors, acting through our Audit Committee or as otherwise described herein, determines that the Related Person Transaction in question is in, or is not inconsistent with, the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, including but not limited to situations where the Company may obtain products or services of a nature, quantity or quality, or on other terms, not readily available from alternative sources or when the Company provides products or services to related persons on an arm's length basis on terms comparable to those provided to unrelated third parties or on terms comparable to those provided to employees generally. Therefore, the Company has adopted the procedures below for the review, approval or ratification of Related Person Transactions.

To deal with the potential conflicts inherent in such transactions, our Audit Committee adopted a written policy regarding Related Person Transactions. For the purposes of this policy, a "Related Person Transaction" is a transaction, arrangement, or relationship (or any series of similar transactions, arrangements, or relationships) in which the Company was, is, or will be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any related person had, has, or will have a direct or indirect material interest, and a "related person" means:

any person who is, or at any time since the beginning of our last fiscal year was, a director or executive officer of the Company or a nominee to become a director of the Company;

any person who is known to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities;

any immediate family member of any of the foregoing persons; and

any firm, corporation, or other entity in which any of the foregoing persons is employed or is a general partner or principal or in a similar position or in which such person has a 5% or greater beneficial ownership interest.

Any proposed transaction with a related person shall be consummated or amended only if the following steps are taken:

Counsel (either inside or outside) will assess whether the proposed transaction is a Related Person Transaction for purposes of this policy.

If counsel determines that the proposed transaction is a Related Person Transaction, the proposed transaction shall be submitted to the Audit Committee for consideration at the next committee meeting or, in those instances in which counsel, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer, determines that it is not practicable or desirable to wait until the next committee meeting, to the Chairman of the Audit Committee (who has been delegated authority to act between committee meetings).

The Audit Committee, or where submitted to the Chairman of the committee, the Chairman, shall consider all of the relevant facts and circumstances available to the committee or the Chairman, including (if applicable) but not limited to: (i) the benefits to the Company; (ii) the impact on a director's independence in the event the related person is a director, an immediate family member of a director, or an entity in which a director is a partner, shareholder, or executive officer; (iii) the availability of other suppliers or customers for comparable products or services; (iv) the terms of the transaction; and (v) the terms available to unrelated third parties or to employees generally.

The Audit Committee (or the Chairman) shall approve only those Related Person Transactions in, or not inconsistent with, the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, as the committee (or the Chairman) determines in good faith. The Audit Committee or Chairman, as applicable, shall convey the decision to counsel, who shall convey the decision to the appropriate persons within the Company.

At the Audit Committee's first meeting of each fiscal year, the committee shall review any previously approved Related Person Transactions that remain ongoing and have a remaining term of more than six months or remaining amounts payable to or receivable from the Company of more than $120,000. Based on all relevant facts and

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circumstances, taking into consideration the Company's contractual obligations, the committee shall determine if it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to continue, modify, or terminate the Related Person Transaction.

No member of the Audit Committee shall participate in any review, consideration, or approval of any Related Person Transaction with respect to which such member or any of his or her immediate family members is the related person.

During fiscal year 2019, the Company had the following Related Person Transactions:

BlackRock, Inc. ("BlackRock") provides investment management services and licenses a risk management analytics tool to the Company. BlackRock is a shareholder known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Company's Common Stock as set forth in the Security Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners section of this proxy statement. For 2019, the Company paid BlackRock and its affiliates an aggregate of $1,551,225 in the form of investment management and license fees.

Knapp Properties provides property management services to the owner of the building where the Company has its principal executive offices in West Des Moines, Iowa and an affiliate of Knapp Properties owns a warehouse building, a portion of which is leased to the Company. Gerard Neugent, who serves as a director, is the Co-Chairman of Knapp Properties, L.C. and a member/manager of a company that is a 50% owner of the affiliate that owns the warehouse building. For 2019, the Company paid Knapp Properties and its affiliates an aggregate of $154,571 in the form of fees and rent.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) ofRule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act generally requiresestablishes the officerseligibility requirements and directors ofthe procedures a reporting company, and persons who own more than ten percent ofshareholder must follow for a registered class ofshareholder’s proposal to be included in a reporting company's equity securities, to file reports of beneficial ownership and changes in beneficial ownership withpublic company’s proxy materials. Any such proposal for the SEC. Based solely on our review of the copies of such reports2023 annual shareholder meeting must be received by us or upon written representations received from certain reporting persons, we believe that during 2019, our officers, directors and ten-percent shareholders complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to them other than one late Form 4 filing by each of David S. Mulcahy and Jennifer L. Bryant.

Shareholder Proposals for the 2021 Annual Meeting

Shareholder proposals to be considered for inclusion in our proxy statement for the annual meeting to be held in 2021 or shareholder proposals to be presented from the floor of the meeting must be submitted in writing to theat American Equity Corporate Secretary, 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266, and must comply with SEC rules to be eligible for inclusion in our proxy materials for our 2021 meeting.

A shareholder may present a proposal for inclusion in our proxy statement if such shareholder (i) is a record or beneficial owner of at least one percent or $2,000 in value of shares entitled to be voted at the meeting and has held the shares for at least one year prior to the time the proposal is submitted; and (ii) continues to own the shares through the date of the meeting. Any such proposal must be received by us prior to December 24, 2020.

28, 2022.

In addition, under our Amended and Restated Bylaws, a shareholder who desires to present a proposal or nomination of director from the floor of the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders2023 annual shareholder meeting must submit the proposal or nomination of director to the Corporate Secretary andat the address above. Any such proposal must be delivered (or mailed and received) between March 8, 202112, 2023 and April 7, 2021.11, 2023. Any such proposal must set forth as to each matter such shareholder proposes to bring before the 2023 annual shareholder meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual shareholder meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual shareholder meeting, (ii) the name and record address of such shareholder, (iii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Company which are owned beneficially or of record by such shareholder, (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between such shareholder and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such shareholder and any material interest of such shareholder in such business, and (v) a representation that such shareholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual shareholder meeting to bring such business before the meeting.

The deadline for notice of solicitation of proxies in support of non-registrant director nominees for our 2023 annual shareholder meeting is April 11, 2023.

Shareholder Communications

with the Board

Shareholders may communicate with the Company through itsus by writing to our Investor Relations Department by writing to Investor Relations at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266.

Shareholders interested in communicating with our Board of Directors, any committee of the Board of Directors, any individual director, or any group of directors should send written correspondence to American Equity

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Investment Life Holding Company Board of Directors, c/o Corporate Secretary, 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266.

Assuming our Corporate Secretary concludes that the communication discusses business or other matters relevant to our Board's activities, we will distribute a copy (or summary) of it to the addressees.


Proxy Solicitation Costs
We have retained Alliance Advisors, LLC to assist with the solicitation of proxies from shareholders and will pay a fee of approximately $20,610, plus expenses, for these services. We will also reimburse banks, brokers, and other record holders for their costs of sending our proxy materials to beneficial owners. Our directors, officers or other employees also may solicit proxies from shareholders in person, or by telephone, facsimile transmission or other electronic means of communication, but will not receive any additional compensation for such services.
Householding;
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Equity Compensation Plan Information at December 31, 2021
Plan CategoryNumber of securities
to be issued
upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(#)
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
($)
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(#)
(a)(b)(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders2,929,44327.841,924,101
Total2,929,44327.841,924,101
Column (a) in the table above includes outstanding Performance RSUs (assuming target performance), Time RSUs, and stock options. For more information on Performance RSUs, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2021 10-K. Column (b) is the weighted-average exercise price of stock options.
At year-end 2021, we had awards outstanding under the 2011 Directors Stock Option Plan, the Amended and Restated 2014 Independent Insurance Agent Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Plan, the 2016 Employee Incentive Plan, and the Equity Plan. Our plans have formulae for increasing the number of shares available for issuance where no shares (or fewer than the number of shares originally issuable) are settled for an award and in case of certain repurchases, stock dividends and distributions, recapitalization, spin-offs, and other extraordinary transactions.

Our 2021 10-K
Our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K

The SEC permits companies and intermediaries, such as a brokerage firm or a bank, to satisfy the delivery requirements for Notices and proxy materials with respect to two or more shareholders sharing the same address by delivering only one Notice or set of proxy materials to that address. This process, which is commonly referred to as "householding," can effectively reduce our printing and postage costs.

Certain of our shareholders whose shares are held in street name and who have consented to householding will receive only one Notice or set of proxy materials per household. If you would like to receive a separate set of proxy materials in the future, or if your household is currently receiving multiple copies of the same items and you would like to receive only a single copy at your address in the future, please contact Investor Relations, at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266 (1-888-221-1234, ext. 3602) and indicate your name, the name of each of your brokerage firms or banks where your shares are held, and your account numbers.

Simultaneously with the mailing of this proxy statement to certain of our shareholders, we are mailing our 2019 Annual Report and Form 10-K to shareholders of record on April 24, 2020. The Annual Report and Form 10-K are available online at www.american-equity.com.

Any shareholder who desires to obtain additional copies, free of charge, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (including our audited consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules), as filed with the SEC, is available online at www.american-equity.com under "Investor Relations." Any shareholder who wants a hard copy, free of charge, may contact Investor Relations at 6000 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266 (1-888-221-1234, ext. 3602).


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Appendix A

AMERICAN EQUITY INVESTMENT LIFE HOLDING COMPANY

AMENDED AND RESTATED EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN


ARTICLE I

PURPOSE

1.1       In an effort to maintain a position of leadership in the industry in which American Equity Investment Life Holding Company (the "Company") competes, itThis proxy statement may contain or incorporate by reference information that includes or is necessary to promote financial interests of the Company and its Affiliates, including its growth, by attracting and retaining certain highly qualified employees and members of our board of directors possessing outstanding ability, motivating such individuals by means of equity incentives, providing incentive compensation opportunities competitive with those of major corporations and aligning the interests of such employees and directors with those of our shareholders. The American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is designed to assist the Company in attaining these objectives.


ARTICLE II

DEFINITIONS

Unless the context requires otherwise, the following terms when used with initial capitalization have the following meanings:

2.1       "Affiliate" means a parent or subsidiary of the Company, as defined in Sections 424(e) and (f) of the Code (but substituting "the Company" for "employer corporation"), including any parent or subsidiary of the Company after adoption of the Plan.

2.2       "Alternative Award" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.

2.3       "Award Agreement" means a written agreement granting an Award executed by the Company and the Participant.

2.4       "Award" means any Option, SAR, RSA, or RSU convertible into or otherwise based on Common Stock granted under the Plan, including Director Awards and Employee Awards.

2.5       "Beneficial Owner" (or any variant thereof) means a "beneficial owner" as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act.

2.6       "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.7       "Change in Control" means the occurrence of any of the following:

    (1)
    any Person becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (not including in the securities Beneficially Owned by such Person or any securities acquired directly from the Company or its Affiliates) representing 35% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities, excluding any person who becomes such a Beneficial Owner in connection with a transaction described in paragraph (3) below;

    (2)
    the following individuals cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the number of Directors then serving: individuals who, on the date hereof, constitute the Board and any new Director (other than a Director whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including but not limited to a consent solicitation, relating to the election of Directors of the Company) whose appointment or election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company's shareholders was approved or recommended by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the Directors then still in office who either were Directors on the date hereof or whose appointment, election or nomination for election was previously so approved or recommended;

    (3)
    there is consummated a merger or consolidation of the Company or any direct or indirect subsidiary thereof with any other corporation, other than (i) a merger or consolidation immediately following which the individuals who comprise the Board immediately prior thereto constitute at least a majority of the board of directors of the Company, the entity surviving such merger or consolidation or, if the Company or the entity surviving such merger is then a subsidiary, the ultimate parent thereof or (ii) a merger or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (not including in the securities Beneficially Owned by such Person any securities

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      acquired directly from the Company or its Affiliates) representing 35% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities; or

    (4)
    the shareholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company or there is consummated an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's assets, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's assets immediately following which the individuals who comprise the Board immediately prior thereto constitute at least a majority of the board of directors of the entity to which such assets are sold or disposed or any parent thereof.

For each Award that constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A, to the extent required to avoid additional income or other tax under Section 409A, a Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred under the Plan with respect to such Award, only if a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company or a change in ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company shall also be deemed to have occurred under Section 409A. A Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred by virtue of the consummation of any transaction or series of integrated transactions immediately following which the record holders of the Common Stock immediately prior to such transaction or series of transactions continue to have substantially the same proportionate ownership in an entity which owns all or substantially all of the assets of the Company immediately following such transaction or series of transactions.

2.8       "Change in Control Price" means the highest price per share of Shares offered and accepted in conjunction with any transaction resulting in a Change in Control (as determined in good faith by the Committee if any part of the offered price is payable other than in cash) or, in the case of a Change in Control occurring solely by reason of a change in the composition of the Board, the highest Fair Market Value of the common stock on any of the thirty (30) trading days immediately preceding the date on which a Change in Control occurs.

2.9       "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as from time to time amended, including any related regulations.

2.10    "Committee" means the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, comprised, to the extent deemed necessary or appropriate by the Board to administer performance-based compensation, solely of two or more Directors meeting the requirements of the New York Stock Exchange and qualifying as "non-employee directors"upon forward-looking statements within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 promulgatedthe Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements give expectations or forecasts of future events and do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words and terms such as advance, believe, coming, commitment, estimate, expect, future, goal, likely, may, remain, schedule, shortly, should, target, will, would, and other words and terms of similar meaning or that are otherwise tied to future periods or future performance, in each case in all derivative forms. They include statements relating to future actions, prospective services or products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, future sales efforts, future expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, and future trends in operations and financial results.

Many factors determine our results, and they involve unpredictable risks and uncertainties. Our forward-looking statements depend on our assumptions, our expectations, and our understanding of the economic environment, but they may be inaccurate and may change. We do not guarantee any future performance. Our results could differ materially from what we express or imply in forward-looking statements. We identify some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause such differences in our 2021 10-K, any Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, or any Current Reports on Form 8-K we filed with the SEC after we filed our 2021 10-K, as well as in our other filings, under the Exchange Act.

2.11    "Common Stock"captions "Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" or "Risk Factors."Stock" means the common stock, par value $1.00 per share of the Company.

2.12    "Company" means American Equity Investment Life Holding Company.

2.13    "Competitive Activity" shall include: (i) the rendering of services for

We do not undertake any organizationobligation to publicly correct or engaging directly or indirectly inupdate any business whichforward-looking statement if we later become aware that such statement is or becomes competitive with the Company, or which organization or business, or the rendering of services to such organization or business, is or becomes otherwise prejudicial to or in conflict with the interests of the Company; (ii) the disclosure to anyone outside the Company, or the use in other than the Company's business, without prior written authorization from the Company, of any confidential information or material relating to the business of the Company, acquired by the Employee Participant either during or after employment with the Company or (iii) any attempt directly or indirectly to induce any employee or agent of the Companynot likely to be employed or perform services elsewhere orachieved. Please consult any attempt directly or indirectly to solicit the trade or businessfurther SEC disclosures we make on related subjects.

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Appendix A
Non-GAAP and Other Financial Disclosures
In this proxy statement, we present certain measures of any current or prospective customer, supplier or partner of the Company.

2.14    "Date of Exercise" means the date on which the Company receives notice of the exercise of an Option and payment of the exercise priceour performance not calculated in accordance with the terms of Article VI hereof.

2.15    "Date of Grant" means the date on which an Award is granted under the Plan.

2.16    "Designated Beneficiary" means the beneficiary as designated in writing by a Participant.

2.17    "Detrimental Activity" shall include any action or failure to act that,accounting principles generally accepted in the sole determinationUnited States of American (GAAP). We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance the understanding of American Equity and its performance by highlighting the results of operations and the underlying profitability drivers of the Committee: (i)(a) constitutesbusiness. The non-GAAP financial malfeasance that is materially injuriousmeasures should not be viewed as substitutes for the most directly comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the Company, (b) violatesmost directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in this section.

Non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders equals net income (loss) available to common stockholders adjusted to eliminate the Company's Codeimpact of Conduct, (c) results in the Company's restatement of its earnings, financial results or financial statements or (d) resultsitems that fluctuate from quarter to quarter in a violation or breach of law or contract that is materially injuriousmanner unrelated to the Company or (ii) violates any non-competition, non-disclosure or non-solicitation agreement with the Company, orcore operations, and we believe measures excluding their impact are useful in the event that the Employee Participant has not entered into any such agreement with the Company, the Employee Participant engages in any "Competitive Activity".

analyzing operating trends. The most significant adjustments to arrive at non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders include:

2.18    "Director" means a memberelimination of the Boardimpact of Directorsfair value accounting for our fixed index annuity business. The impact from these items are not economic in nature but rather impact the timing of reported results;
elimination of the Company or any Affiliate.impact of index credits on the reserve for lifetime income benefit riders. The impact of this item creates market-driven volatility not connected to management decisions and efforts; and

elimination of the impact of notable items which primarily relate to actuarial assumption updates. The impact of these items do not reflect the company's expected ongoing operations.
Reconciliation from Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders to Non-GAAP Operating Income Available to Common Stockholders and Non-GAAP Operating Income Available to Common Stockholders, Excluding Index Credits and Notable Items

A-2

2021
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

$
430,317 
Adjustments to arrive at non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders: (a)
Net realized losses on financial assets, including credit losses10,299 
Change in fair value of derivatives and embedded derivatives(187,290)
Income taxes37,184 
Non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders290,510 
Impact of index credits (a)(121,184)
Impact of notable items78,036 
Non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders, excluding index credits and notable items$247,362 
Per common share - assuming dilution:
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders$4.55 
Adjustments to arrive at non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders:
Net realized losses on financial assets, including credit losses0.11 
Change in fair value of derivatives and embedded derivatives(1.98)
Income taxes0.39 
Non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders3.07 
Impact of index credits(1.28)
Impact of notable items0.83 
Non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders, excluding index credits and notable items$2.62 
(a)Adjustments to net income (loss) available to common stockholders to arrive at non-GAAP operating income available to common stockholders are presented net of related adjustments to amortization of deferred sales inducements (DSI) and deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC) and accretion of lifetime income benefit rider (LIBR) reserves where applicable.

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2.19    "Director Award" means an Award granted to a Director Participant.

2.20    "Director Participant" means a Non-Employee Director who is also a Participant.

2.21    "Disability" means permanent

Total common stockholders’ equity and total disability within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, as determined by the Committee.

2.22    "Employee" means any employee of the Company or an Affiliate.

2.23    "Employee Award" means an Award granted to an Employee Participant.

2.24    "Employee Participant" means an Employee who is also a Participant, including any Participants who are both Employees and Directors.

2.25    "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, or any successor law.

2.26    "Expiration Date" means the latest date on which an Award requiring exercise may be exercised pursuant to the Award Agreement.

2.27    "Fair Market Value" means, (i) with respect to Stock, (a) for so long as such Stock is readily tradable on an established securities market (within the meaning of Section 409A), the closing price on the day of the grant or measurement or, if the applicable date is not a trading day, on the most recent trading day immediately prior to the applicable date, and (b) otherwise, the fair market value of such Stock determined by the Committee by a reasonable application of a reasonable valuation method (within the meaning of Section 409A); and, (ii) with respect to any other property, the fair market value of such property as determined by the Committee pursuant to a reasonable method adopted in good faith for such purpose from time to time.

2.28    "For Cause" shall be deemed to include, but is not limited to, dishonesty with respect to the Company or any Affiliate, insubordination, substantial malfeasance or non-feasance of duty, unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, breach by an Employee Participant of any provision of any employment, nondisclosure, non-competition or similar agreement between the Employee Participant and the Company or any Affiliate, and conduct substantially prejudicial to the business of the Company or an Affiliate. The determination of the Committee as to the existence of circumstances warranting a termination For Cause shall be conclusive. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Employee Participant is a party to an effective employment or similar agreement with the Company or an Affiliate which contains a "cause" definition, such definition shall be controlling for purposes of the Plan.

2.29    "Incentive Stock Option" or "ISO" means an Option granted under the Plan that qualifies as an incentive stock option under Section 422 of the Code and that the Company designates as such in the Award Agreement granting the Option.

2.30    "Non-Employee Director" means a Director who is not an Employee.

2.31    "Non-qualified Stock Option" means an Option granted under the Plan that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

2.32    "Option" means an option to purchase Shares for a specified period of time at a specified price.

2.33    "Option Period" means the period during which an Option may be exercised.

2.34    "Option Price" means the price per Share at which an Option may be exercised, provided, however, that the Option Price shall not be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the Date of Grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Optionee who is a Ten-percent Shareholder, the Option Price shall not be less than one hundred and ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value on the Date of Grant. The Option Price of any Option shall be subject to adjustment to the extent provided in Section 10.1 and Section 10.4 hereof.

2.35    "Optionee" means a Participant to whom an Option has been granted.

2.36    "Participant" means a person selected by the Committee to receive an Award under the Plan, including Employee Participants and Director Participants.

2.37    "Performance Objectives" means one or more measures of performance, which may be related to invested assets, total assets, gross or net production, commissions, gross or net sales, revenues, operating income before income taxes, operating income, income before income taxes, net income, operating income or net income per share (basic or diluted), return ratios (including return on assets or net assets, return on average equity, return on investment, return on capital and return on sales), cash flows (including but not limited to operating cash flows,

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investing cash flows or financing cash flows), market share, cost or expense reduction goals, margins (including one or more of gross, operating and net income margins), one or more operating ratios, borrowing levels, debt or leverage ratios, cost of capital, credit ratings, stock price, total return to shareholders, total shareholders' equity, book value or book value per common share economic value added, working capital and productivity improvements, acquisitions or divestitures (in whole or in part), joint ventures and strategic alliances, spin-offs or split-ups andexcluding accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) are non-GAAP financial measures which are based on common stockholders’ equity excluding the like, reorganizations or recapitalizations, restructurings, financings (issuanceeffect of equity or debt), refinancings, regulatory achievements and implementation or completion of critical projects including business expansions, product diversification and new or expanded market penetration or any other measures as may be determined by the Committee. Performance Objectives may be described in terms of Company (consolidated), Affiliate or business unit performance, either absolute or by relative comparisonAOCI. Since AOCI fluctuates from quarter to other companies or any other external measure of the selected criteria.

2.38    "Performance Period" means the time period during which the Performance Objectives must be met with respectquarter due to an Award.

2.39    "Person" shall have the meaning given in Section 3(a)(9) of the Exchange Act, as modified and used in Sections 13(d) and 14 (d) thereof, except that such term shall not include: (i) the Company or any of its Affiliates; (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefits plan of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (iii) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to an offering of such securities or (iv) a corporation or other business entity owned, directly or indirectly, by the shareholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of Common Stock.

2.40    "Plan" means the American Equity Investment Life Holding Company Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan, as may be amended from time to time.

2.41    "Restricted Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.2.

2.42    "Restricted Stock" means an Award of Shares made under Section 8.2.

2.43    "Restricted Stock Award" or "RSA" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.2.

2.44    "Restricted Stock Unit" or "RSU" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.1.

2.45    "Retirement" as to any Employee Participant shall mean such person's Termination after reaching age 55 with at least ten (10) years of service with the Company or its Affiliates, but not including pursuant to any Termination For Cause or pursuant to any Termination for insufficient performance, as determined by the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, this Retirement definition, and any corresponding provision relating to Retirementunrealized changes in the Plan or any Award Agreement, shall not apply to Director Participants.

2.46    "Section 409A" means Section 409Afair value of the Code, including the Treasury Regulations thereunder and other applicable Internal Revenue Service guidance.

2.47    "Section 422" means Section 422 of the Code, including the Treasury Regulations thereunder and other applicable Internal Revenue Service guidance.

2.48    "Share" means a share of Common Stock.

2.49    "Stock Appreciation Right" or "SAR" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1.

2.50    "Ten-percent Shareholder" means, in accordance with the rules of Section 424(d) of the Code, a person owning stock with more than ten percent of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate.

2.51    "Termination" means the cessation of a Participant's employment and service with the Company and its Affiliates.


ARTICLE III

ADMINISTRATION

3.1       The Committee shall administer the Plan and shall have plenary authority and discretion, subject to the provisions of the Plan, to select the Participants to receive Awards and shall determine the terms and conditions of the Awards. The Committee has discretionary authority, subject only to the express provisions of the Plan, to interpret the Plan, determine eligibility for and grant Awards, determine, modify or waive the terms and conditions of any Award, prescribe forms, rules and procedures and otherwise do all things necessary to carry out the purposes of the Plan. In making these determinations, the Committee may take into account the nature of the services rendered by the Participants, their present and potential contributions to the success of the Company and its

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Affiliates, and such other factors as the Committee in its discretion shall deem relevant. The determinations of the Committee on the matters referred to in this Article III shall be binding and final.

3.2       Notwithstanding anything else, transactions under this Plan, to the extent they would otherwise be subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, are intended to comply with all applicable conditions of Rule 16b-3 or its successors under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. To the extent any provision of the Plan or action by the Committee fails to so comply, it shall be deemed null and void, to the extent permitted by law and deemed advisable by the Committee.

3.3       The Committee may delegate to one or more officers of the Company the authority to select Employee Participants to receive Awards under the Plan and to grant such Employee Participants one or more Awards on such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as such officer or officers shall determine, provided that no such Award shall be made to any individual who in respect of the Company is an officer within the meaning of Rule 16a-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act, be made in respect of Shares exceeding in number any limit as may be specified by the Committee from time to time for such purpose, or be inconsistent with any other limitations on such delegation as may be specified by the Committee from time to time. When and to the extent exercising the authority described in the preceding sentence, such officer or officers shall be deemed for purposes of the Plan (including without limitation Article XIII) to be acting as the Committee under the Plan.


ARTICLE IV

ELIGIBILITY

4.1       Participants will be selected by the Committee and shall include individuals who, in the judgment of the Committee, have contributed, are contributing or are expected to contribute to the creation of value for the Company and its shareholders. Designation as a Participant will apply only for the year or Award for which the designation is made and may include a partial year.


ARTICLE V

STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

5.1    Number of Shares Reserved.    Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 10.4 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be delivered under or in satisfaction of Awards under the Plan is 5,500,000 Shares. The maximum number of Shares that may be delivered under or in satisfaction of Incentive Stock Options is 3,000,000 Shares.

5.2    Unvested Awards Available for Grant.    If an Award expires or terminates for any reason without having been fully exercised, the unissued Shares which had been subject to such Award shall become available for the grant of additional Awards.sale securities, we believe these non-GAAP financial measures are useful in analyzing operating trends.


5.3    Reversion

Reconciliation from Total Stockholders' Equity to the Plan.    For the avoidance of doubt, if an outstanding Award for any reason expires or is terminated or canceled without having been exercised or settled in full, or if Shares acquired pursuant to an Award subject to forfeiture or repurchase are forfeited or repurchased by the Company for an amount not greater than the Participant's purchase price, the Shares allocable to the terminated portion of such Award or such forfeited or repurchased Shares shall again be available for issuance under the Plan. Shares shall not be deemed to have been issued pursuant to the Plan with respect to any portion of an Award that is settled in cash or other property (other than Shares) and shall be treated as forfeited and shall again be available for issuance under the Plan. Upon payment in Shares pursuant to the exercise of an SAR, the number of Shares available for issuance under the Plan shall be reduced as provided in Section 7. Shares withheld from an Award in satisfaction of withholding taxes as described in Section 9.8 or in payment of the exercise price of any Award requiring exercise shall not again be available for issuance under the Plan. Any Shares that are repurchased by the Company using the proceeds received by the Company from the exercise of any Option or SAR or from the payment of any purchase price with respect to any other Award shall not be added to the aggregate number of Shares available for Awards under the Plan.

5.4    Certain Other Company Awards.Total Common Stock issued under awards granted by another company ("other company awards") and assumed by the Company in connection with a merger, consolidation, stock purchase or similar transaction, or issued by the Company under awards substituted for other company awards in connection with a merger, consolidation, stock purchase or similar transaction, shall not reduce the Shares available for Awards under the Plan; provided, that the maximum number of Shares that may be issued pursuant to Incentive Stock Options (as defined below) shall be determined in a manner consistent with Section 422 and the rules thereunder.

5.5    Limit on Individual Grants.    The following limits on individual Awards shall apply: (i) the maximum number of Shares subject to Options granted to any Employee Participant, and that may be granted as SARs, RSUs and RSAs

Stockholders' Equity Excluding AOCI

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pursuant to Sections 7 or 8 to any Employee Participant, shall not exceed an aggregate of 400,000 in any calendar year and (ii) the maximum number of Shares subject to Non-qualified Stock Options granted to any Director Participant, and that may be granted as SARs, RSUs and RSAs pursuant to Sections 7 or 8 to any Director Participant, shall not exceed an aggregate of 25,000 in any calendar year, subject in each case to adjustment under Section 10.4.


ARTICLE VI

STOCK OPTIONS

6.1    Designation of Options as Incentive or Non-qualified.    Options granted under the Plan shall be either Incentive Stock Options ("ISOs") or Non-qualified Stock Options ("NQSOs"), as designated by the Committee. All Participants are eligible to receive NQSOs. Only Employee Participants are eligible to receive ISOs. Each Option granted under the Plan shall be clearly identified either as an ISO or a NQSO and shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that specifies the terms and conditions of the grant. In the event the Committee shall fail to identify any Option granted as an ISO or NQSO, such Option shall be a NQSO. Options granted shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Article VI and such other terms and conditions not inconsistent with this Plan as the Committee may specify. All ISOs shall comply with the provisions of the Code governing incentive stock options and with all other applicable rules and regulations. The Committee shall determine the number of Shares subject to each Option and the exercise price therefore, which shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant. An ISO granted to an employee described in Section 422(b) of the Code must have an exercise price that is not less than 110% of such fair market value.

6.2    Option Period.    The Option Period for Options granted shall be determined by the Committee, subject to such terms and conditions as the Committee may specify in the Award Agreement or thereafter; provided, however, that (a) an Option shall not be exercisable after ten years (five years in the case of an ISO granted to a Ten-Percent Shareholder) from its Date of Grant; and (b) in the case of the Termination of an Optionee, or the death or Disability of an Optionee, the Option Period shall be as set forth in Section 9.6 below. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, an ISO may not be exercised after the period provided in Treas. Reg. Section 1.422-2(a) (2)(iii) and Treas. Reg. Section 1.422-2(d).

6.3    Notice of Exercise.    An Option may, subject to the terms of the applicable Award Agreement under which it is granted, be exercised in whole or in part by the delivery to the Company of written notice of the exercise, in such form as the Committee may prescribe, accompanied by full payment of the Option Price for the Shares with respect to which the Option is exercised as provided in Section 6.4 hereof.

6.4    Payment of Exercise Price.    Payment of the aggregate Option Price for the Shares with respect to which an Option is being exercised shall be made in cash; provided, however, that the Committee, in its sole discretion, may provide in an Award Agreement that part or all of such payment may be made by the Optionee in one or more of the following manners:

    (1)
    By delivery (including constructive delivery) to the Company of Shares (including the surrender of Shares held by the Participant or those that would otherwise be issued upon exercise of the Option) valued at Fair Market Value on Date of Exercise; or

    (2)
    By delivery on a form prescribed by the Committee of a properly executed exercise notice and irrevocable instructions to a registered securities broker approved by the Committee to sell Shares and promptly deliver cash to the Company.

6.5    Minimum Exercise.    No Option may be exercised for fewer than one hundred (100) Shares.

6.6    Vesting Period.    Each Award evidencing the grant of any Options shall set forth a specified vesting schedule established by the Committee.

6.7    Acceleration of Vesting.    If an Option contains a vesting schedule or has not become fully exercisable as of the date of the Optionee's death or Disability, such vesting schedule will automatically be accelerated, and/or any other restrictions to exercise may be removed upon the death or Disability of the Optionee.


ARTICLE VII

STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

7.1    Grant of SARs.    Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee may grant rights to receive any excess in value of Shares over the base value of the rights ("SARs"). The Committee shall determine at the time of grant or thereafter whether SARs are settled in cash, Common Stock or other securities of the Company, Awards, or other

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property, and may define the manner of determining the excess in value of the Shares. The Committee shall fix the base value of each SAR, which shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the Date of Grant.

7.2    Terms and Conditions.    Each SAR shall be exercisable at such times and subject to such terms and conditions as the Committee may specify in the Award Agreement or thereafter. The Committee may impose such conditions with respect to the exercise of SARs, including conditions relating to applicable federal or state securities laws, as it considers necessary or advisable. At the time of the grant of an SAR, the Committee may impose such restrictions or conditions to the vesting of such SAR as it, in its absolute discretion, deems appropriate, including requiring the achievement of Performance Objectives. The Expiration Date of each SAR shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant thereof, or at such earlier time as the Committee shall state in the Award Agreement.

7.3    No Net Share Counting.    SARs to be settled in Shares shall be counted in full against the number of Shares available for award under the Plan under Section 5.1 regardless of the number of Shares issued upon settlement of the SAR.


ARTICLE VIII

RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS AND RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS

8.1    Restricted Stock Units.    The Committee may grant Awards consisting of units representing Shares ("RSUs"). Each RSU shall represent the unfunded and unsecured commitment of the Company to deliver to the Participant at a specified future date or dates one or more Shares or, if specified in the Award Agreement, cash equal to the Fair Market Value of the Award, in any case subject to the satisfaction of any vesting or other terms and conditions established with respect to the Award as the Committee may determine. No Participant or Designated Beneficiary holding RSUs shall be treated as a shareholder with respect to the Shares subject to the Award unless and until such Shares are actually delivered under the Award Agreement. RSUs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered. The Committee may make Awards of RSUs that are subject to restrictions or forfeiture on such terms and conditions as the Committee may determine from time to time.

8.2    Restricted Stock Awards.    The Committee may grant Awards of Shares subject to forfeiture ("RSAs") and determine the duration of the period (the "Restricted Period") during which, and the conditions under which, the Shares may be forfeited to the Company and the other terms and conditions of such Awards. RSAs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered during the Restricted Period. RSAs shall be evidenced in such manner as the Committee may determine. Any certificates issued in respect of RSAs shall be registered in the name of the Participant and unless otherwise determined by the Committee, deposited by the Participant, together with a stock power endorsed in blank, with the Company. At the expiration of the Restricted Period, the Company shall deliver such Shares, along with any certificates, to the Participant or if the Participant has died, to the Participant's Designated Beneficiary. If a Participant makes an election under Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed with respect to the Restricted Stock as of the date of transfer of the Restricted Stock rather than as of the date or dates upon which the Participant would otherwise be taxable under Section 83(a) of the Code, the Participant shall be required to deliver a copy of such election to the Company promptly after filing such election with the Internal Revenue Service.

8.3    Terms and Conditions.    At the time of the grant of RSUs or RSAs, the Committee shall determine the price, if any, to be paid by the Participant for each Share subject to the Award. At the time of the grant of RSUs or RSAs the Committee may impose such restrictions or conditions to the vesting of such Shares as it, in its absolute discretion, deems appropriate, including requiring the achievement of Performance Objectives. To the extent that a grant of Awards is to vest based solely upon the continued employment or Director service of the Participant, such Award shall vest pursuant to a schedule as the Committee may determine.


ARTICLE IX

GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO AWARDS

9.1    Documentation and Legal Conditions on Delivery of Stock.    Each Award shall be evidenced by a written document delivered to the Participant or agreement executed by the Participant specifying the terms and conditions thereof and containing such other terms and conditions not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan as the Committee considers necessary or advisable to achieve the purposes of the Plan or to comply with applicable tax and regulatory laws and accounting principles. The Company will not be obligated to deliver any Shares pursuant to the Plan or to remove any restriction from Shares previously delivered under the Plan until: (i) the Company's counsel has approved all legal matters in connection with the issuance and delivery of such Shares; (ii) if the outstanding Stock is at the time of delivery listed on any stock exchange or national market system, the Shares

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to be delivered have been listed or authorized to be listed on such exchange or system upon official notice of issuance; and (iii) all conditions of the Award have been satisfied or waived. If the sale of Stock has not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or if the Company determines that the registration statement covering the sale of Stock is not available, the Company may defer the sale until such time as it determines that the registration statement is available and may delay the applicability of any provisions of the Award during any period of unavailability. The Company may require that certificates evidencing Stock issued under the Plan bear an appropriate legend reflecting any restriction on transfer applicable to such Stock.

9.2    Application of Code Section 409A.    Awards under the Plan are intended either to be exempt from the rules of Section 409A or to satisfy those rules, and shall be construed accordingly. Granted Awards may be modified at any time, in the Committee's discretion, so as to increase the likelihood of exemption from or compliance with the rules of Section 409A. Each amount to be paid or benefit to be provided to a Participant pursuant to the Plan which constitutes deferred compensation subject to Section 409A shall be construed as a separate identified payment for purposes of Section 409A. To the extent that any Award is payable upon a "separation from service" and such payment would otherwise result in the imposition of any individual tax and penalty interest charges imposed under Section 409A, the settlement and payment of such awards (or other amounts) shall instead be made on the first business day after the date that is six (6) months following such "separation from service" (or death, if earlier) to the extent necessary to avoid such taxes or charges. In the event a Participant is prohibited from executing market trades by reason of the application of the federal securities laws or for any other reason determined by the Committee, the Committee may extend the exercise period of an Award to the extent permitted by Section 409A.

9.3    Committee Discretion.    Awards may be made alone or in combination with other Awards, including Awards of other types. The terms of Awards of the same type need not be identical, and the Committee need not treat Participants uniformly (subject to the requirements of applicable law). Except as otherwise expressly provided by the Plan or a particular Award, any determination with respect to an Award may be made by the Committee at the time of grant or any time thereafter.

9.4    Dividends and Cash Settlement.    In the discretion of the Committee, any Award under the Plan may provide the Participant with dividends or dividend equivalents payable (in cash or in the form of Awards under the Plan) currently or deferred with or without interest; provided, however, that any such dividends or dividend equivalents shall only become payable if (and to the extent) that such Award vests. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, Awards may be settled in cash rather than Shares.

9.5    Employee Leaves of Absence.    Awards held by an Employee Participant on an approved leave of absence shall continue to vest in accordance with their terms during the leave of absence as if the Employee Participant was an active Employee unless otherwise agreed to in writing between the Company and the Employee Participant or otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement; provided, however, in the event of an ISO, such leave of absence shall not exceed ninety (90) days unless reemployment is guaranteed by law or contract.

9.6    Termination of Employment or Director Service.    Unless the Committee expressly provides otherwise, the following rules shall apply in connection with the Participant's Termination. Immediately upon a Participant's Termination, an Award requiring exercise will cease to be exercisable and all Awards to the extent not already fully vested will be forfeited, except that:

    (1)
    Disability or Death of Participant. If a Participant's Termination is due to the Participant's death or Disability, such Participant's Awards, including any Awards the vesting of which have been accelerated pursuant to Section 6.7 herein, shall expire unless exercised by the earlier of (i) expiration of the term of the Award and (ii) the date that is one (1) year after the effective date of such Termination. In the event of the death of a Participant, such Participant's Awards may be exercised by the Participant's designated beneficiary. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to extend the ultimate term of the Award beyond the period of time as set out above;

    (2)
    Other Termination. Upon a Participant's Termination other than due to (i) the Participant's death or Disability or (ii) termination of an Employee Participant's employment by the Company or the relevant Affiliate For Cause, such Participant's rights with respect to any Awards shall be limited to Shares purchasable by such Participant as of the date of such Termination, and such Award shall expire on the earlier of (x) expiration of the term of the Award and (y) sixty (60) days after the date of such Termination. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to extend the ultimate term of the Award beyond the period of time as set out above;

    (3)
    All Options and SARs held by an Employee Participant or an Employee Participant's permitted transferees, if any, immediately prior to the cessation of the Employee Participant's employment For

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      Cause (including any portion of the Award that is then exercisable) shall terminate at the commencement of business on the date of such Termination;

    (4)
    All RSUs and RSAs, in each case held by (i) an Employee Participant immediately prior to the Employee Participant's Retirement or (ii) a Participant immediately prior to the Participant's death or Termination as a result of Disability, to the extent not previously vested, shall vest and become non-forfeitable; provided, however, that the applicable grants with respect to such Awards shall provide for payment terms that comply with, or are exempt from, the requirements of Section 409A; and

    (5)
    All RSUs and RSAs held by a Participant or a Participant's permitted transferees, if any, immediately prior to a Termination of a Participant other than due to (i) the Participant's death or Disability, (ii) an Employee Participant's Retirement or (iii) termination of an Employee Participant's employment by the Company or the relevant Affiliate For Cause, shall terminate at the close of business on the effective date of such Termination.

Unless the Committee expressly provides otherwise, an Employee Participant's employment with the Company and its Affiliates will be deemed to have ceased upon termination of the Employee Participant's employment with the Company and its Affiliates (whether or not the Employee Participant continues in the service of the Company or its Affiliates in some capacity other than that of an employee of the Company or its Affiliates); provided that any payments to be made or benefits to be provided upon a termination of employment under the Plan or any Award Agreement may be made only upon a "separation from service" under Section 409A of the Code to the extent necessary in order to avoid the imposition of penalty taxes on any Employee Participant pursuant to Section 409A of the Code. Moreover, unless the Committee expressly provides otherwise, a Director Participant's service with the Company and its Affiliates will be deemed to have ceased upon termination of the Director Participant's Director service with the Company and its Affiliates (whether or not the Director Participant continues in the service of the Company or its Affiliates in some capacity other than that of a Director of the Company or its Affiliates); provided that any payments to be made or benefits to be provided upon a termination of service under the Plan or any Award Agreement may be made only upon a "separation from service" under Section 409A of the Code to the extent necessary in order to avoid the imposition of penalty taxes on any Director Participant pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.

9.7    Transferability.    No Award may be transferred other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution and may be exercised during the life of a Participant only by the Participant, except that, as to Options other than ISOs, the Committee may in its sole discretion permit certain transfers to the Participant's family members, to certain entities controlled by the Participant or his or her family members or to a trust or similar vehicle for the benefit of the Participant's family members.

9.8    Withholding Taxes.    The Participant shall pay to the Company, or make provision satisfactory to the Committee for payment of, any taxes or social insurance contributions required by law to be withheld with respect to an Award under the Plan no later than the date of the event creating tax liability (as determined without regard to any potential application of Section 83(c)(3) of the Code). The Company and its Affiliates may, to the extent permitted by law, deduct any such tax or social insurance obligations from any payment of any kind due the Participant hereunder or otherwise. In the Committee's discretion, the minimum tax or social insurance obligations required by law to be withheld in respect of Awards, or, if applicable, such other withholding amount (a "Greater Amount") as mutually agreed upon by the Company and the Participant, up to the sum of all applicable statutory maximum rates (provided, in the case of a Participant who is an "officer" of the Company as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated pursuant to the Exchange Act (or any successor rule), that such other amount is approved in advance by the Committee or the Board), may be paid in whole or in part in Shares, including Shares retained by the Company from the Award creating the obligation, valued at their Fair Market Value on the date of retention or delivery. In particular, but not in limitation of the foregoing, with respect to Awards of RSUs and RSAs, if applicable, the Company shall withhold from the payment of an Award and shall retain that number of Shares the Fair Market Value of which is equal to the amount of tax required to be withheld and paid, or any applicable Greater Amount, on the date of retention or delivery.

9.9    Option or SAR Repricing.    Without the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the Shares in person or by proxy at a meeting of the shareholders of the Company at which a quorum representing a majority of all outstanding Shares is present or represented by proxy, neither the Board nor the Committee shall approve either (a) the cancellation of outstanding Options or SARs in exchange for cash, other property or Awards or the grant in substitution therefore of new Options or SARs having a lower exercise prior or base value, as the case may be, or (b) the amendment of outstanding Options or SARs to reduce the exercise price or base value, as the case may be, thereof. This paragraph shall not be construed to apply to: (i) "issuing or assuming a stock option in a transaction to

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which Section 424(a) applies" within the meaning of Section 424 of the Code; or (ii) adjustments made pursuant to Section 10.1 or Section 10.4.

9.10    Amendment of Award.    Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Plan, and subject to the provisions contained in this Section 9.10, the Committee may amend, modify or terminate any outstanding Award, including substituting therefore another Award of the same or a different type, changing the date of exercise or realization and converting an ISO to an NQSO; provided, however, that if shareholder approval is required by law or the rules of the applicable exchange on which common stock of the Company is then publicly traded, such amendment shall not become effective until such shareholder approval is obtained. Any such action shall require the Participant's consent unless the Committee determines that the action would not materially and adversely affect the Participant.

9.11    Cancellation and Rescission of Awards.    Unless the Award Agreement specifies otherwise, the Committee may cancel, rescind, withhold or otherwise limit or restrict any unexpired or unpaid Award at any time if the Participant is not in compliance with all applicable provisions of the Award Agreement and the Plan, or, in the case of Employee Participants, if the Employee Participant engages in any Detrimental Activity.

9.12    Minimum Vesting.    An Award granted under the Plan after the effective date of the Plan as defined in Section 11.1 shall not vest prior to the first anniversary of the Date of Grant of the Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may grant Awards that vest within one year following the Date of Grant (a) due to an Employee Participant's Retirement, death, Disability, leave of absence, Termination, or upon the sale or other disposition of the Employee Participant's employer or any other similar event, as determined by the Committee, (b) due to a Director Participant's death or Disability, (c) as otherwise provided in Section 10.1 or (d) of an Award described in Section 5.4. In addition, up to 5% of the Shares authorized for issuance under the Plan pursuant to Section 5.1 (as adjusted in accordance with Section 10.4) may be granted as Awards that provide for vesting within one year following the Date of Grant.

9.13    Post-Vesting/Delivery Holding Period.    A Participant, or a Participant's permitted transferees, if any, shall, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, hold all Shares acquired pursuant to an Award granted under the Plan until the earliest to occur of: (a) twelve (12) months following (i) the date Shares are delivered in respect of an RSU, (ii) the date on which the Restricted Period applicable to an RSA lapses; or (iii) the vesting date in respect of any Option or SAR; (b) such Participant's termination of employment or (c) such Participant's satisfaction of any applicable share ownership guidelines of the Company. This holding period shall not apply to Shares sold or tendered by a Participant or withheld by the Company to pay any applicable Option Price or to settle tax liabilities related to such Awards.


ARTICLE X

EFFECT OF CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

10.1    Alternative Awards to Employee Participants.    Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, and notwithstanding Section 10.2 below, no cancellation, acceleration of vesting, lapsing of restrictions, payment of an Employee Award, cash settlement or other payment shall occur with respect to any Employee Award if the Committee reasonably determines in good faith prior to the occurrence of a Change in Control that the Employee Award shall be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor (such honored, assumed or substituted Award hereinafter called an "Alternative Award") by any successor as described in Section 10.5 herein; provided that any additional terms and conditions under the applicable Award Agreement under which the Employee Award was originally granted are met, and provided further that any such Alternative Award must:

    (1)
    Be based on stock that is traded on an established U.S. securities market, or that the Committee reasonably believes will be so traded within sixty (60) days after the Change in Control;

    (2)
    Provide such Employee Participant with rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights, terms and conditions applicable under such Employee Award, including, but not limited to, an identical or better exercise or vesting schedule and identical or better timing and methods of payment; and

    (3)
    Have substantially equivalent economic value to such Employee Award (determined at the time of the Change in Control).

10.2    Accelerated Vesting and Payment of Employee Awards.    If for any reason outstanding Employee Awards are not honored, assumed or substituted in accordance with Section 10.1, unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or specifically prohibited under law or by the rules and regulations of a national security

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exchange, such outstanding Employee Awards will be subject to the following rules in each case effective immediately prior to such Change in Control but conditioned upon completion of such Change in Control, with any corresponding payments made as soon as reasonably practicable after the Change in Control, but no later than within thirty (30) days following the date of the Change in Control:

    (1)
    Such outstanding Options and SARs shall become fully vested and exercisable;

    (2)
    Any Restricted Period and other restrictions and vesting conditions imposed on such outstanding Restricted Stock Awards or Restricted Stock Units shall lapse, and such outstanding Restricted Stock Units shall become immediately vested and payable, with the manner of payment to be made in cash or Shares at the Committee's discretion, provided, however, that if any such payment is to be made in Shares, the Committee, may in its reasonable discretion, provide such holders the consideration provided to other similarly-situated shareholders in such Change in Control.

    (3)
    All such outstanding Employee Awards that are subject to Performance Objectives and for which the Performance Period has been completed as of the date of the Change in Control but have not yet been paid will vest and be paid in cash and/or Shares at such time at the Committee's discretion, with all Performance Objectives to be deemed achieved at actual performance and all other vesting criteria satisfied. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, all such outstanding Employee Awards that are subject to Performance Objectives for which the Performance Period has not been completed as of the date of the Change in Control will, with respect to each Performance Objective or other vesting criteria, be deemed achieved at one hundred percent (100%) of target levels and all other terms and conditions met, and vest and be paid out for the entire Performance Period (and not pro rata), with the manner of payment to be made in cash or Shares at the Committee's discretion, provided, however, that if any such payment is to be made in Shares, the Committee, may in its reasonable discretion, provide such holders the consideration provided to other similarly-situated shareholders in such Change in Control.

    (4)
    The Committee shall have the ability to unilaterally determine that all outstanding Employee Awards that are not honored, assumed or substituted in accordance with Section 10.1 are canceled upon a Change in Control, and the value of such Employee Awards, as determined by the Committee in accordance with the terms of the Plan and the Award Agreement, be paid out in cash in an amount based on the Change in Control Price within a reasonable time subsequent to the Change in Control; provided, however, that no such payment shall be made on account of an Option or SAR using a value higher than the Fair Market Value on the date of settlement. In the event the Change in Control Price is less than or equal to the Option Price of an Option or the base value of a SAR, such Option or SAR may be canceled without payment.

10.3    Accelerated Vesting and Payment of Director Awards.    In the event of a Change in Control:

    (1)
    Unless otherwise set forth in an Award Agreement, each Director Award that is outstanding immediately prior to such Change in Control shall, effective immediately prior to such Change in Control but conditioned upon completion of such Change in Control, become fully vested and, if applicable, exercisable and the restrictions, payment conditions and forfeiture conditions applicable to any such Award granted shall lapse.

    (2)
    The Committee shall have the ability to unilaterally determine that all outstanding Director Awards are canceled upon a Change in Control, and the value of such Director Awards, as determined by the Committee in accordance with the terms of the Plan and the Award Agreement, be paid out in cash in an amount based on the Change in Control Price within a reasonable time subsequent to the Change in Control; provided, however, that no such payment shall be made on account of an Option or SAR using a value higher than the Fair Market Value on the date of settlement. In the event the Change in Control Price is less than or equal to the Option Price of an Option or the base value of a SAR, such Option or SAR may be canceled without payment.

10.4    Changes In, Distributions With Respect To and Redemptions of Stock.

    (1)
    In the event of any stock dividend or other similar distribution of stock or other securities of the Company, stock split or other combination of shares (including a reverse stock split), recapitalization, conversion, reorganization, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, merger, exchange of stock, redemption or repurchase of all or part of the shares of any class of stock or any change in the capital structure of the Company or an Affiliate or other transaction or event, the following shall be equitably adjusted (a) the number of Shares that may be delivered as per Article V, (b) the number and kind of

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      Shares or securities subject to Awards then outstanding or subsequently granted, (c) exercise prices or base values, as the case may be, relating to outstanding Awards, and (d) any other provision of Awards affected by such change shall be adjusted by the Company to the extent the Committee shall determine, in good faith, that such adjustment is appropriate.

    (2)
    The Committee shall also make equitable or proportionate adjustments of the type described in Section 10.4.(1) above to take into account distributions to shareholders other than stock dividends or normal cash dividends, material changes in accounting practices or principles, extraordinary dividends, mergers, consolidations, acquisitions, dispositions or similar transaction involving Stock, or any other event, if the Committee determines that the adjustments are appropriate to avoid distortion in the operation of the Plan and to preserve the value and equity of Awards made hereunder, having due regard for: (i) the qualification of ISOs under Section 422; and (ii) the continued exemption of the Awards from (or satisfaction by the Awards of the rules of) Section 409A, where applicable.

    (3)
    References in the Plan to Shares will be construed to include any stock or securities resulting from an adjustment pursuant to this Section 10.4 or Section 10.1.

10.5    Successors.    Any obligations of the Company or an Affiliate under the Plan with respect to Awards granted hereunder, shall be binding on any successor to the Company or Affiliate (a "Successor"), respectively, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or Affiliate, as applicable.


ARTICLE XI

EFFECTIVE DATE

11.1    The Plan and any amendment thereto shall be effective on the date on which it is adopted by the Board; provided, that the effective date of any such adoption requiring shareholder approval shall be the date it is approved by the shareholders of the Company within 12 months after such adoption by the Board. Awards (other than RSAs) may be granted prior to shareholder approval of the Plan, and the date of shareholder approval shall be the Date of Grant for all purposes;provided, that (a) each such Award shall be subject to shareholder approval of the Plan, (b) no such Award may be exercised prior to such shareholder approval, and (c) any such Award shall be void ab initio if such shareholder approval is not obtained.


ARTICLE XII

TERM OF THE PLAN

12.1    Unless sooner terminated by the Board pursuant to Section 14.6, the Plan shall expire on May 31, 2030, and no Awards may be granted after such date. Expiration of the Plan shall not affect the validity of any Award outstanding on the expiration date.


ARTICLE XIII

INDEMNIFICATION

13.1    In addition to such other rights of indemnification as they may have as Directors or as members of the Committee, the Directors shall be indemnified by the Company against the reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense of any action, suit or proceeding, or in connection with any appeal therein, to which they or any of them may be a party by reason of any action taken or failure to act under or in connection with the Plan or any Award granted hereunder, and against all amounts reasonably paid by them in settlement thereof or paid by them in satisfaction of a judgment in any such action, suit or proceeding, if such Directors acted in good faith and in a manner which they believed to be in, and not opposed to, the best interests of the Company; provided, however, that the Director gives the Company an opportunity, at its own expense, to handle and defend the same before such Director undertakes to handle and defend it on the Director's own behalf. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing right of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other rights of indemnification to which such individuals may be entitled pursuant to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or any power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless.

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ARTICLE XIV

GENERAL PROVISIONS

14.1    No Other Rights Conferred.    The establishment of the Plan shall not confer upon any Employee or Director any legal or equitable right against the Company, any Affiliate or the Committee, except as expressly provided in the Plan.

14.2    No Right to Employment.    The Plan does not constitute inducement or consideration for the employment of service of any Employee. Participation in the Plan shall not give an Employee any right to be retained in the service of the Company or any Affiliate.

14.3    No Limitation on Other Stock Option, Etc..    Neither the adoption of this Plan nor its submission to the shareholders, shall be taken to impose any limitations on the powers of the Company or its Affiliates to issue, grant, or assume options, warrants, rights, or restricted stock, otherwise than under this Plan, or to adopt other stock option or restricted stock plans or to impose any requirement of shareholder approval upon the same.

14.4    Plan Interest Not Subject to Creditor Claims.    The interests of any Participant under the Plan are not subject to the claims of creditors and may not, in any way, be assigned, alienated or encumbered except as provided in an Award Agreement.

14.5    No Rights as a Shareholder.    Subject to the provisions of the applicable Award, no Participant or Designated Beneficiary shall have any rights as a shareholder with respect to any Shares to be issued under the Plan until he or she becomes the holder thereof. A Participant to whom an RSA is awarded shall be considered a shareholder of the Company at the time of the Award except as otherwise expressly provided in the Plan or the applicable Award Agreement.

14.6    Amendment of the Plan.    The Committee may amend, suspend or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof at any time, subject to such shareholder approval as the Committee determines to be necessary or advisable. Further, under all circumstances, the Committee may, but shall not be required to, make non-substantive administrative changes to the Plan in order to conform with or take advantage of governmental requirements, statutes or regulations. Except as provided herein, no such amendment, modification or termination will adversely affect the rights of any Participant (without his or her consent) under any Award previously granted and no amendment will, without the approval of the shareholders of the Company, effectuate a change for which shareholder approval is required in order for the Plan to qualify or to continue to qualify under Section 422. In addition, the Committee may not amend the Plan to remove the requirement for shareholder approval of any form of Option or SAR repricing as specified in Section 9.9 herein.

14.7    Governing Law.    The Plan shall be governed, construed and administered in accordance with the laws of the State of Iowa and it is the intention of the Company that Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan qualify as such under Section 422 of the Code.

14.8    Representations Regarding Investment Intent; Restrictive Legends.    The Committee may require each person acquiring Shares pursuant to Options hereunder to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the Shares without a view to distribution thereof. The certificates for such Shares may include any legend which the Committee deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer. All certificates for Shares issued pursuant to the Plan shall be subject to such stock transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may deem advisable under the rules, regulations and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange or interdealer quotation system upon which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted, and any applicable federal or state securities laws. The Committee may place a legend or legends on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions. The certificates for Shares acquired pursuant to an Option may also include any legend which the Committee deems appropriate to reflect restrictions contained in this Plan or in the applicable Award Agreement or to comply with the Iowa Business Corporation Law.

14.9    Regulatory Approvals.    The Company shall not be required to issue any certificate or certificates for Shares upon the exercise of Options, or record any person as a holder of records of such Shares, without obtaining, to the complete satisfaction of the Committee, and without complying to the Committee's complete satisfaction, with all rules and regulations, under federal, state or local law deemed applicable by the Committee.

14.10    Forfeiture Events; Clawback.    In addition to any forfeiture provisions otherwise applicable to an Award, an Employee Participant's right to any payment or benefits with respect to an Employee Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture, clawback or recoupment (a) in accordance with any clawback, recoupment or similar policy of the Company as in effect from time to time or (b) as required by applicable law.

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Proxy — A^umerican Equity Investment Life Holding Company Proxy Solicited by Board of Directors for Annual Meeting - June 4, 2020 Anant Bhalla, John M. Matovina and Renee D. Montz, or any one of them, each with the power of substitution, are hereby authorized to represent and vote the shares of the undersigned, with all the powers which the undersigned would possess if personally present, at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of American Equity Investment Life Holding Company to be held on June 4, 2020 or at any postponement or adjournment thereof. This proxy when properly executed will be voted in the manner you direct on the reverse side. If you sign this proxy but provide no directions as to how to vote your shares for one or more of the proposals, then we will cast your votes under this proxy FOR all of the nominees listed in Proposal 1 and FOR Proposals 2, 3, and 4. In their discretion, the Proxies are authorized to vote upon such other business as may properly come before the meeting. (Continued and to be voted on reverse side.) PLEASE DETACH ALONG PERFORATED LINE AND MAIL IN THE ENVELOPE PROVIDED. Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held June 4, 2020. The Proxy Statement and our 2019 Annual Report are available at: http://viewproxy.com/americanequity/2020

12/31/201812/31/2021
Total stockholders' equity2,399,1016,323,127
Equity available to preferred stockholders-(700,000)
Total common stockholders' equity2,399,1015,623,127
Accumulated other comprehensive income52,432(1,848,789)
Total common stockholders' equity excluding AOCI2,451,5333,774,338
Common shares outstanding90,369,22992,513,517
Book value per common share26.5560.78
Book value per common share excluding AOCI27.1340.80
Average book value per common share growth42.98%
Average book value per common share growth excluding AOCI16.80%

Annual Meeting Proxy Card Using a black ink pen, mark your votes with an X as shown in this example. Please do not write outside the designated areas. Proposals — The Board recommends a vote “FOR” all nominees listed in Proposal 1 and “FOR” Proposals 2, 3 and 4. 1. Election of Directors: 01 – Anant Bhalla 02 – Joyce A. Chapman 03 – James M. Gerlach 04 – Robert L. Howe 05 – Michelle M. Keeley 06 – William R. Kunkel FOR WITHHOLD 2. To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2020. FOR AGAINST ABSTAIN To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers. FOR AGAINST ABSTAIN To approve the Company's Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan. FOR AGAINST ABSTAIN 3. 4. Note: To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting. I plan on attending the meeting Please sign exactly as name appears below. When shares are held by joint tenants, both should sign. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, please give full title as such. If signing for a corporation or partnership, authorized person should sign full corporation or partnership name and indicate capacity in which they sign. Date: Signature CONTROL NUMBER Signature (if held jointly) PLEASE DETACH ALONG PERFORATED LINE AND MAIL IN THE ENVELOPE PROVIDED. VIEW MATERIALS & VOTE PROXY VOTING INSTRUCTIONS Please have your 11 digit control number ready when voting by Internet or Telephone Internet voting is available through 1:00 A.M. Central Time on June 4, 2020. MAIL Vote Your Proxy by Mail: Mark, sign, and date your proxy card, then detach it, and return it in the postage-paid envelope provided. TELEPHONE Vote Your Proxy by Phone: Call 1 (866) 804-9616 Use any touch-tone telephone to vote your proxy. Have your proxy card available when you call. Follow the voting instructions to vote your shares. INTERNET Vote Your Proxy on the Internet: Go to www.AALvote.com/AEL Have your proxy card available when you access the above website. Follow the prompts to vote your shares. CONTROL NUMBER SCAN TO

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